International Norms: The Impact of Women in Peace Building Processes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/2817-2302.2022.01.03Keywords:
Women, nondiscrimination, peacebuilding process, CEDAW, empoweringAbstract
This study points out that the rules of positive international law need to be more effectively enforced in practice. It explains the absence of women from peace processes as a result of a lack of effort to include them in official peace processes rather than women’s lack of experience in negotiation or conflict resolution. It emphasizes women as crucial agents in the transition from war to peace in order to promote social cohesion and political legitimacy. An excellent first step would be to use gender-sensitive language in a peace agreement and to create a platform for women to discuss the importance of including women in peace processes.
References
Index, Global Terrorism. Sydney: Institute for Economics and Peace, 2016; pp. 10-11. http://economicsandpeace.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/2014-Global-Peace-Index-REPORT_0-1.pdf
The Clinton Foundation, The Full Participation Project: No Ceilings, accessed March 31, 2018, http://www.noceilings.org/report/report.pdf.
Women UN. Women’s participation in peace negotiations: Connections between presence and influence. UN Women Sourcebook on Women. Peace and Security 2012; p. 12.
The Broadening Participation in Track One Peace Negotiations project (Broadening Participation project) was carried out at the Graduate Institute's Centre on Conflict, Development and Peacebuilding in Geneva. See the project’s latest publications: http://graduateinstitute.ch/home/research/centresandprogrammes/ccdp/ccdp-research/clusters-and-projects-1/participatory-peace-processes-an/broadening-participation-in-trac.html
Produced in 2006 on CEDAW and Security Council Resolution 1325: a Quick Guide, by Shelly Inglis, Maha Muna and Waldorf herself, among others (UNIFEM, 2006).
Women UN. Preventing Conflict. Transforming Justice, Securing the Peace: a Global Study on the Implementation of UN Security Council resolution 2015; 1325.
CEDAW and Security Council Resolution 1325: a Quick Guide, p. 34
Devetak, Richard, Jim George, and Sarah Percy, eds. An introduction to international relations. Cambridge University Press, 2017; p. 83. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316855188
New York and Geneva, 2014, p. 97 see also: http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Events/WHRD/WomenRightsAreHR.pdf
Hintjens H. UNIFEM, CEDAW and the Human Rights‐based Approach. Development and Change 2008; 39(6): 1181-1192. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2008.00513.x
Women's Rights are Human Rights – OHCHR Designed and Printed at United Nations, Geneva, November 2014 - (A/66/657–S/2012/33) http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Events/WHRD/WomenRightsAreHR.pdf
Paffenholz T, Nick R, Steven D, Anna-Lena S, Jacqui T. Making women count-not just counting women: Assessing Women's Inclusion and Influence on Peace Negotiations. UN Women, 2016; p. 55. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58682-3_9
Chinkin C, Charlesworth H. Building Women into Peace: the international legal framework. Third World Quarterly 2006; 27(5). https://doi.org/10.1080/01436590600780391
Amar N. U.N. Security Council Resolution 1325: Declaration or Reality?”, in Aharoni, S. and Deeb, R. (eds) Where are all the Women? U.N. Security Council Resolution 1325: Gender Perspectives of the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict, Haifa: Isha L’Isha and Kayan 2004.
Palestinian Women Call on Human Rights Council for Accountability towards Israel and Guaranteeing Internationally Recognized Rights to Human Security: See also: http://www.efi-ife.org/fr/node/743
Paffenholz T, Nick R, Steven D, Anna-Lena S, Jacqui T. Making Women Count - Not Just Counting Women: Assessing Women’s Inclusion and Influence on Peace Negotiations. Geneva: Inclusive Peace and Transition Initiative (The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies) and UN Women, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58682-3_9
Paffenholz T, Nick R, Steven D, Anna-Lena S, Jacqui T. Making women count-not just counting women: Assessing Women's Inclusion and Influence on Peace Negotiations. UN Women, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58682-3_9
Villellas Ariño M. The Participation of Women in Peace Processes: The Other Tables 2010; p. 8. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1884189