Differences in Blood and Milk Fatty Acid Profile of Primiparous and Multiparous Mediterranean Buffaloes Cows During Transition Period and Early Lactation

Lenita Camargo Verdurico; Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra; Caio Seiti Takiya; Jose Esler de Freitas Junior; Rafael Villela Barletta; Rodrigo Gardinal; Gustavo Delfino Calomeni; Pablo Gomes de Paiva; Francisco Palma Rennó

doi:10.6000/1927-520X.2015.04.02.2

Authors

Lenita Camargo Verdurico Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225 – campus da USP, CEP 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP-Brazil
Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, Zip Code: 79804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil
Caio Seiti Takiya Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225 – campus da USP, CEP 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP-Brazil
Jose Esler de Freitas Junior Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225 – campus da USP, CEP 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP-Brazil
Rafael Villela Barletta Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225 – campus da USP, CEP 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP-Brazil
Rodrigo Gardinal Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225 – campus da USP, CEP 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP-Brazil
Gustavo Delfino Calomeni Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225 – campus da USP, CEP 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP-Brazil
Pablo Gomes de Paiva Department of Animal Sciences, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”/Campus Jaboticabal, Rod. Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane km 5, Rural, Zip Code: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
Francisco Palma Rennó Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225 – campus da USP, CEP 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP-Brazil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-520X.2015.04.02.2

Keywords:

Beta-hydroxybutyrate, heifer, milk fat, milk yield, non-esterified fatty acid, saturated fatty acid.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the differences in blood and fatty acid (FA) profile between primiparous and multiparous Mediterranean buffaloes cows from 28 days of expected calving date until 56 days in milk. Nine multiparous (MUL) and 7 primiparous (PRI) cows were used in the present study, animals grazed in Brachiaria decumbens and supplemented with 2.0 kg of concentrate/day. Blood and milk samples were collected once a week and data were submitted to repeated measures analysis using PROC MIXED of SAS. Multiparous cows presented higher concentrations of glucose and non-esterified FA during pre- and post-partum period, higher cholesterol during post-partum when compared to PRI. Milk yield and fat content were higher for MUL (6.44 kg/d and 7.89%) when compared to PRI (5.66 kg/d and 6.75%). Palmitic and palmitoleic FA were lower and C18:0, C18:1 trans-11 and C18:1 cis-9 FAwere higher in MUL cows. Multiparous buffalo cows demonstrated higher milk yield and fat content than PRI, and milk FA profile of MUL had higher amounts of C18:0 FA. Multiparous buffalos presented higher non-esterified fatty acid, which altered milk fat content, and higher milk yield than primiparous cows. Furthermore, multiparous cows presented a higher content of FA from incomplete biohydrogenation process.

References

Grummer RR. Impact of changes in organic nutrient metabolism on feeding the transition dairy cow. J Anim Sci 1995; 73: 2820-33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/1995.7392820x

Mashek D, Ingvarsten KL, Andersen JB, Vestergaard M, Larsen T. Effects of a four-day hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in early and mid-lactation dairy cows on plasma concentrations of metabolites, hormones, and binding proteins. Domest anim Endocrinol 2001; 21: 169-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0739-7240(01)00112-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0739-7240(01)00112-6

Connor WE. Importance of n-3 fatty acids in health and disease. American J Clin Nutr 2000; 62: 81-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-3010.2000.00013.x

Zhang RH, Mustafa AF, Zhao X. Effects of feeding oilseeds rich in linoleic and linolenic fatty acids to lactating ewes on cheese and on fatty acid composition of milk and chesse. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2006; 127: 220-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.09.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.09.001

Patel RS, Mistry VV. Physicochemical and structural propertis of ultrafiltered buffalo milk and milk powder. J Anim Sci 1997; 56: 425-29.

National Research Council. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th ed. Washington: National Academy Science 2001.

Sklan D, Kaim M, Moallem U, Folman Y. Effect of dietary calcium soaps on milk yield, body weight, reproductive hormones, and fertility in first parity and older cows. J Dairy Sci 1994; 1652-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77107-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77107-1

Feng S, Lock AL, Garnsworthy PC. Technical note: a rapid lipid separation method for determining fatty acid composition of milk. J Dairy Sci 2004; 87: 3785-88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73517-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73517-1

Kramer JKC, Fellner V, Dugan MER, Sauer FD, Mossoba MM, Yurawecz MP. Evaluating acid and base catalysts in the methylation of milk and rumen fatty acids with special emphasis on conjugated dienes and total trans fatty acids. Lipids 1997; 32: 1219-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11745-997-0156-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-997-0156-3

Huang Y, Schoonmaker JP, Bradford BJ, Beitz DC. Response of milk fatty acid composition to dietary supplementation of soy oil, conjugated linoleic acid, or both. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91: 260270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0344 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0344

Littell RC, Henry PR, Ammerman CB. Statistical analysis of repeated measures data using sas procedures. J Anim Sci 1998; 76: 1216-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/1998.7641216x

Bell AW, Bauman DE. Adaptations of glucose metabolism during pregnancy and lactation. J Mammary Gland Biol Neo 1997; 2: 265-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026336505343 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026336505343

Santos JEP, DePeters EJ, Jardon PW, Huber JT. Effect of prepartum dietary protein level on performance of primigravid and multiparous Holtein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2001; 84:213-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74471-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74471-2

Duffield T. Subclinical ketosis in lactatind dairy cattle. Met Dirod Rum 2000; 16: 231-253. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0720(15)30103-1

Whates DC, Cheng Z, Bourne N, Taylor VJ, Coffey MP, Brotherstone S. Differences between primiparous and multiparous dairy cows in the inter-relationships between metabolic traits, milk yield and body condition score in the periparturient period. Domestic Anim Endocrinol 2007; 33: 203-225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.domaniend.2006.05.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.domaniend.2006.05.004

Grummer RR, Carroll DJ. Effects of dietary fat on metabolic disorders and reproductive performance of dairy cattle. J Anim Sci 1991; 69: 3838-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/1991.6993838x

Bell AW. Regulation of organic nutrient metabolism during transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. J Anim Sci 1995; 73: 2804-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2527/1995.7392804x

Griinari JM, Cori BA, Lacy SH, Chouinard PY, Nurmela KV, Bauman DE. Conjugated linoleic acid is synthesized endogenously in lactating dairy cows by Delta(9)-desaturase. J Nutr 2000; 130: 2285-91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/130.9.2285

Pariza MW, Park Y, Cook ME. The biologically active isomers of conjugated linoleic acid. Prog Lipid Res 2001; 40: 283-298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0163-7827(01)00008-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-7827(01)00008-X

Whigham LD, Cook ME, Atkinson RL. Conjugated linoleic acid: implications for human health. Pharmacol Res 2000; 42: 503-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/phrs.2000.0735 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/phrs.2000.0735

Belury MA. Inhibition of carcinogenesis by conjugated linoleic acid: potential mechanisms of action. J Nutr 2002; 132: 2995-98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.10.2995

Varrichio ML, Di Francia A, Masucci F, Romano R, Proto V. Fatty acid composition of Mediterranean buffalo milk fat. Ital J Anim Sci 2007; 6(Suppl 1): 509-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.509