Cyber Forensic Reporting: Benefits, Elements, Process, Expert Witnesses, and Ethical Considerations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2025.14.12Keywords:
Cyber Forensic Reporting, Cybersecurity, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Expert Witnesses, Ethical Considerations, HealthcareAbstract
Cyber forensic reporting creates a complete and evidence-based record. Appropriate cyber forensic reporting includes the investigation process with compliance and legal evidence, analysis, findings, and actionable recommendations for legal admissibility. In healthcare, cyber forensic reporting helps improve compliance with regulations such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and facilitates the detection of vulnerabilities. This paper deals with cyber forensic reporting, which includes its benefits, elements, and process; expert witnesses; and ethical considerations. Cyber forensic reporting in healthcare is introduced. Expert witnesses in healthcare cyber forensic reporting are significant. There is a need for the right experts, including experts with specialized experience and knowledge in both healthcare and digital forensics.
References
Adel, A., Ahsan, A., & Davison, C. (2024). ETHICore: Ethical Compliance and Oversight Framework for Digital Forensic Readiness. Information, 15(6), 363. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/info15060363
Alam, S., & Altiparmak, Z. (2024). XAI-CF--Examining the Role of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Cyber Forensics. arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.02452. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4833246
Almazrouei, M. A., Dror, I. E., & Morgan, R. M. (2019). The forensic disclosure model: what should be disclosed to, and by, forensic experts?. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 59, 100330. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2019.05.003
Casey, E., Nelson, A., and Hyde, J. (2019). Standardization of file recovery classification and authentication. Digital Investigation, 31, 1-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diin.2019.06.004
Dror, I. E. (2017). Human expert performance in forensic decision making: seven different sources of bias. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 49(5), 541-547. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00450618.2017.1281348
Horsman, G. (2019). Formalising investigative decision making in digital forensics: Proposing the Digital Evidence Reporting and Decision Support (DERDS) framework. Digital Investigation, 28, 146–151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diin.2019.01.007
Horsman, G. (2021). The different types of reports produced in digital forensic investigations. Science & Justice, 61(5), 627-634. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2021.06.009
Kip, H., Kelders, S. M., Bouman, Y. H., & van Gemert-Pijnen, L. J. (2019). The importance of systematically reporting and reflecting on eHealth development: participatory development process of a virtual reality application for forensic mental health care. Journal of medical Internet research, 21(8), e12972. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/12972
Kosiński, J., Kośla, R., & Gontarz, T. (2018). Cybersecurity and the handling of cyber incidents. Internal Security, 10(2), 107–128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4219
Kuosmanen, A., Tiihonen, J., Repo‐Tiihonen, E., & Turunen, H. (2022). Voluntary patient safety incidents reporting in forensic psychiatry—What do the reports tell us?. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing, 29(1), 36-47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12737
Pham, Q. H., & Vu, K. P. (2024). Insight into how cyber forensic accounting enhances the integrated reporting quality in small and medium enterprises. Cogent Business & Managemesnt, 11(1), 2364053. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2364053
Sunde, N. (2021). What does a digital forensics opinion look like? A comparative study of digital forensics and forensic science reporting practices. Science & justice, 61(5), 586-596. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2021.06.010
Varol, A., and Sonmez, Y. U. (2017). Review of evidence analysis and reporting phases in digital forensics process. 2017 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK), 923–928. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/UBMK.2017.8093563
Young, G. (2016). Psychiatric/psychological forensic report writing. International journal of law and psychiatry, 49, 214-220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2016.10.008
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Policy for Journals/Articles with Open Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
Policy for Journals / Manuscript with Paid Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Publisher retain copyright .
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work .
