Synthesis, Comparative Characterization and Photocatalytic Application of SnO2/MWCNT Nanocomposite Materials
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/2369-3355.2014.01.02.6Keywords:
Carbon nanotubes, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, IR spectroscopy, photocatalysis.Abstract
Two different preparation methods were developed to cover successfully multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with tin-dioxide (SnO2) nanoparticles using SnCl2·2H2O as precursor under different solvent conditions. The applied mass ratios of the components were 1:4, 1:8, 1:16, 1:32 and 1:64, respectively. As-prepared tin-dioxide coverages were characterized by TEM, SEM, SEM-EDX, Raman microscopy, BET and X-ray diffraction techniques. Photocatalytic efficiencies of selected composites were investigated in a self-made photoreactor, equipped with UV-A fluorescence lamps. Photocatalytic degradation of phenol solution was followed by using HPLC. Observations revealed that using hydrothermal method we can easily control the layer of SnO2 nanoparticles on the surface of MWCNTs. Using various solvents SnO2 nanoparticles with different morphologies formed. The nanocomposites have low photocatalytic efficiencies under conditions used generally (when λ>300 nm).
References
Iijima S. Helical microtubules. Nature 1991; 354: 56-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/354056a0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/354056a0
Chu H, Wei L, Cui R, Wang J, Li Y. Carbon nanotubes combined. Coord Chem Rev 2010; 254: 1117-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2010.02.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2010.02.009
Frank S, Poncharal P, Wang ZL, Heer WA. Carbon nanotube quantum resistors. Science 1998; 280: 1744-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.280.5370.1744 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.280.5370.1744
Liu YL, Yang HF, Yang Y, Liu ZM, Shen GL, Yu RQ. Gas sensing. Thin Solid Films 2006; 497: 355-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.11.018
Dong H, Lu K. Attaching titania. Int J Appl Ceram Technol 2009; 6: 216-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7402.2008.02270.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7402.2008.02270.x
Diao P, Liu Z. Electrochemistry. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109: 20906-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp052666r DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jp052666r
Jiang G, Zheng X, WangY, Li T, Sun X. Photodegradation. Powder Technol 2011; 207: 465-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2010.11.029 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2010.11.029
Kauffman DR, Tang Y, Kichambare PD, Jackovitz JF. Long-term performance. Energy Fuels 2010; 24: 1877-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef100013v DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ef100013v
Landi BJ, Ganter MJ, Cress CD, Dileo RA, Raffaelle RP. Carbon nanotubes. Science 2008; 2 638-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/b904116h
Han W, Zettl A. Coating. Nano Letters 2003; 3(5): 681-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl034142d DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/nl034142d
Kuang Q, Li SF, Xie ZX, Lin SC, Zhang XH, Xie SY, Huang RB, Zheng LS. Controllable fabrication. Carbon 2006; 44: 1166-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2005.11.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2005.11.001
Liu YL, Yang HF, Yang Y, Liu ZM, Shen GL, Yu RQ. Gas sensing properties. Thin Solid Films 2006; 497: 355-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.11.018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.11.018
Du G, Zhong C, Zhang P, Guo Z, Chen Z, Liu H. Tin dioxide/carbon nanotube. Electrochim Acta 2010; 55: 2582-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.12.031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.12.031
Pang HL, Lu JP, Chen JH, Huang CT, Liu B, Zhang XH. Preparation of SnO2. Electrochim Acta 2009; 54: 2610-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.10.058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.10.058
Feng C, Li L, Guo Z, Li H. Synthesis and characterization. J Alloys Compd 2010; 504: 457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.05.144 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.05.144
Noerochim L, Wang JZ, Chou SL, Li HJ, Liu HK. SnO2 coated. Electrochim Acta 2010; 56: 314-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.08.078 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.08.078
Xu C, Sun J, Gao L. Synthesis of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. J Phys Chem C 2009; 113 20509-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp909740h DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jp909740h
Zhu CL, Zhang ML, Qiao YJ, Gao P, Chen YJ. High capacity. Mater Res Bull 2010; 45: 437-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2009.11.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2009.11.011
Du N, Zhang H, Chen BD, Ma XY, Huang HH, Tu JP, Yang DR. Synthesis of polycrystalline SnO2. Mater Res Bull 2009; 44: 211-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2008.04.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2008.04.001
Aroutiounian VM, Arakelyan VM, Khachaturyan EA, Shahnazaryan GE, Aleksanyan MS, Forro L, Magrez A, Hernadi K, Nemeth Z. Manufacturing and investigations. Sens Actuators B 2012; 173: 890-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2012.04.039
Aroutiounian VM, Adamyan AZ, Khachaturyan EA, Adamyan ZN, Hernadi K, Pallai Z, Nemeth Z, Forro L, Magrez A, Horvath E. Study of the surface-ruthenated. Sens Actuators B 2013; 177: 308-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2012.10.106 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2012.10.106
Wu SS, Cao HQ, Yin SF, Liu XW, Zhang XR. Amino acid-assisted hydrothermal synthesis. J Phys Chem C 2009; 113: 17893-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp9068762 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9068762
Dimitrov M, Tsoncheva T, Shao S, Kohn R. Novel preparation. Appl Catal B 2010; 94: 158-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2009.11.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2009.11.004
Linsebigler AL, Lu G, Yates JT. Photocatalysis. Chem Rev 1995; 95: 735-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00035a013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00035a013
Sun Y, Wilson SR, Schuster DI. High dissolution. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123: 5348-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0041730 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0041730
Wang N, Xu J, Guan L. Synthesis. Mater Res Bull 2011; 46: 1372-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2011.05.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2011.05.014
Couteau E, Hernadi K, Seo JW, Thien-Nga L, Miko Cs, Gaal R, Forro L. CVD synthesis. Chem Phys Lett 2003; 378: 9-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01218-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01218-1
Magrez A, Seo JW, Miko Cs, Hernadi K, Forro L. Growth of carbon nanotubes. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109: 100087-91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jp050363r
Aroutiounian VM, Arakelyan VM, Khachaturyan EA, Shahnazaryan GE, Aleksanyan MS, Forro L, Magrez A, Hernadi K, Nemeth Z. Manufacturing. Sens Actuators B 2012; 173: 890-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2012.04.039 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2012.04.039
Horrillo MC, Serventi A, Rickerby D, Gutiérrez J. Influence of tin oxide. Sens Actuators B 1999; 58: 474-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0925-4005(99)00106-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-4005(99)00106-9
Mandayo GG, Castano E, Gracia FJ, Cirera A, Cornet A, Morante JR. Strategies. Sens Actuators B 2003; 95: 90-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00413-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00413-1
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Policy for Journals/Articles with Open Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
Policy for Journals / Manuscript with Paid Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Publisher retain copyright .
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work .