Comprehensive Characterization of Raw and Oxalic Acid Treated Ripen Cellulosic Biofiber from Areca Catechu Inflorescence as Substitute for Harmful Synthetic Products

Srinivas  Arabilachi; Sreenivasa Challakere  Govindappa; Bharath Kurki  Nagaraj; Brailson Mansingh  Bright; Joseph Selvi  Binoj

doi:10.6000/1929-5995.2025.14.04

Authors

Srinivas Arabilachi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. T Thimmaiah Institute of Technology, KGF-563120, Visveswaraya Technological University - Belagavi, Karnataka, India and Department of Mechanical Engineering, UBDT College of Engineering, Davangere-577004, Visveswaraya Technological University – Belagavi, Karnataka, India
Sreenivasa Challakere Govindappa Department of Mechanical Engineering, UBDT College of Engineering, Davangere-577004, Visveswaraya Technological University – Belagavi, Karnataka, India
Bharath Kurki Nagaraj Department of Mechanical Engineering, GM Institute of Technology, Davangere-577006, Visveswaraya Technological University – Belagavi, Karnataka, India and Department of Engineering Design, GM University, Davangere-577006, Karnataka, India
Brailson Mansingh Bright Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore - 641022, Tamilnadu, India
Joseph Selvi Binoj Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai-602105, Tamilnadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-4463

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5995.2025.14.04

Keywords:

Oxalic acid treatment, Optimization, Pollution Management, Sustainability

Abstract

The inherent characteristics of natural fibers include a low density and a high strength-to-weight ratio, making them promising candidates for lightweight applications. The mechanical features of these strands are prejudiced by their chemical compositions and the cross-sectional area being the most variable factor affecting strength. In this research, strands were obtained by processing the ripen inflorescence of Areca tree and subjected to treatment with an oxalic acid (C₂H₂O₄) solution to enhance their properties. The extracted fibers underwent examination for chemical, physical, mechanical, and morphological properties. The study findings indicate that fibers treated with a 4 wt.% C₂H₂O₄ solution for 60 min exhibit superior properties. The strands segregated from the ripen inflorescence of areca tree treated with 4 wt.% C₂H₂O₄ solution for 60 min exhibited a rise in cellulose proportion by 26.7%, tensile strength by 13.5%, crystallinity index by 16.6%, thermal endurance by 6.3% and appreciable surface roughness compared to the untreated fibers as viewed through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis endorsed the observations of chemical analysis. The characterization of areca inflorescence fibers in this study highlights significant advantages for the advancement of composite materials.

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