Advances in Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Nanocomposites and Applications

Authors

  • Anthony Chidi Ezika Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
  • Williams Kehinde Kupolati Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
  • Emmanuel Rotimi Sadiku Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
  • Christopher Idumah Enhanced Polymer Research Institute (EnPro), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5995.2025.14.18

Keywords:

Flame retardancy, Nanowires, Nanowire@polymeric@nanoarchitectures, Multifarious applications

Abstract

Emerging advancement in nanotechnology have facilitated the embedment of nanomaterials (NMs) such as graphene and derivatives, carbon nanotubes and derivatives, nanowires, and so on, within polymeric matrices to attain enhanced properties, especially fire retardancy, in polymeric nanoarchitectures (PNC) for multifarious applications. In thermal interface materials (TIM) for electronic gadgets, notable fire hazards are often ignored, whereas PNC exhibiting electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding are frequently subjected to accidental fires. Furthermore, fire warning sensors with capability of rapidly exposing fire dangers in combustible materials plays a key role in mitigating or entirely eliminating fire disasters in most scenarios. Moreover, the escalating evolution of electronic gadgets in the fifth-generation (5G) era has made superlative fire safety, thermal stability and high-performance of PNC highly imperative. Nanowires are one-dimensional (1-D) nanostructures possessing a high length to diameter aspect ratios, unique flame retardant (FR), mechanical, electrical, thermal, and optical properties. The inclusion of different forms of nanowires within polymeric matrices has tremendously enhanced the flame retardancy (F-R) of nanowire@polymeric nanoarchitectures (N-PNC) thereby enlarging their scope of applications. Therefore, this paper presents advances in flame retardancy of nanowire polymeric nanoarchitectures.

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Idumah CI. Recent advancements in thermolysis of plastic solid wastes to liquid fuel. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2021; 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-021-10776-5

Idumah CI, Obele CM, Ezeani EO, Hassan A. Recently Emerging Nanotechnological Advancements in Polymer Nanocomposite Coatings for Anti-corrosion, Anti-fouling and Self-healing. Surfaces and Interfaces 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2020.100734

Idumah CI, Obele CM, Ezeani EO. Understanding interfacial dispersions in ecobenign polymer nano-biocomposites. Journal Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/25740881.2020.1811312

Idumah CI, Odera SR. Recent advancement in self-healing graphene polymer nanocomposites, shape memory, and coating materials. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 2020; 59(11): 1167-1190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/25740881.2020.1725816

Idumah CI, Hassan A, Ogbu JE, Ndem JU, Oti W, Obiana V. Electrical, thermal and flammability properties of conductive filler kenaf–reinforced polymer nanocomposites. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 2020; 33(4): 516-540. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705718807957

Idumah CI, Zurina M, Ogbu J, Ndem JU, Igba EC. A review on innovations in polymeric nanocomposite packaging materials and electrical sensors for food and agriculture. Composite Interfaces 2020; 27(1): 1-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2019.1600972

Idumah CI, Nwuzor IC. Novel trends in plastic waste management. SN Applied Sciences 2019; 1: 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1468-2

Idumah CI, Ogbu JE, Ndem JU, Obiana V. Influence of chemical modification of kenaf fiber on xGNP-PP nano-biocomposites. SN Applied Sciences 2019; 1: 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1319-1

Idumah CI, Hassan A, Ogbu J, Ndem JU, Nwuzor IC. Recently emerging advancements in halloysite nanotubes polymer nanocomposites. Composite Interfaces 2019; 26(9): 751-824. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2018.1534475

Idumah CI, Hassan A, Ihuoma DE. Recently emerging trends in polymer nanocomposites packaging materials. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 2019; 58(10): 1054-1109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2018.1542718

Idumah CI, Zurina M, Hassan A, Orhayani O, Shuhadah I. Recently emerging trends in bone replacement polymer nanocomposites. Nanostructured Polymer Composites for Biomedical Applications 2019; 139-166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816771-7.00008-9

Akubue BN, Idumah CI, David E. Challenges of Teaching and Learning Clothing and Textiles for Entrepreneurship: Case Study of Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki. JHER 2018; 25(2).

Idumah CI, Hassan A, Bourbigot S. Synergistic effect of exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets and non-halogen flame retardants on flame retardancy and thermal properties of kenaf flour-PP nanocomposites. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2018; 134: 1681-1703. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7833-3

Idumah CI, Hassan A. Hibiscus cannabinus fiber/PP based nano-biocomposites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets. Journal of natural fibers 2017; 14(5): 691-706. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2016.1277817

Idumah CI, Hassan A, Bourbigot S. Influence of exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets on flame retardancy of kenaf flour polypropylene hybrid nanocomposites. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2017; 123: 65-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2017.01.006

Idumah CI, Hassan A. Effect of exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets on thermal and heat deflection properties of kenaf polypropylene hybrid nanocomposites. Journal of Polymer Engineering 2016; 36(9): 877-889. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2015-0445

Idumah CI, Hassan A. Recently emerging trends in thermal conductivity of polymer nanocomposites. Reviews in Chemical Engineering 2016; 32(4): 413-457. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2016-0004

Idumah CI. Emerging trends in eco-compliant, synergistic, and hybrid assembling of multifunctional polymeric bionanocomposites. Reviews in Chemical Engineering 2016; 32(3): 305-361. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2015-0046

Idumah CI, Hassan A. Emerging trends in graphene carbon based polymer nanocomposites and applications. Reviews in Chemical Engineering 2016; 32(2): 223-264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2015-0038

Idumah CI, Hassan A. Characterization and preparation of conductive exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets kenaf fibre hybrid polypropylene composites. Synthetic Metals 2016; 212: 91-104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2015.12.011

Idumah CI, Hassan A. Emerging trends in flame retardancy of biofibers, biopolymers, biocomposites, and bionanocom-posites. Reviews in Chemical Engineering 2016; 2(1): 115-148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2015-0017

Idumah CI, Hassan A, Affam AC. A review of recent developments in flammability of polymer nanocomposites. Reviews in Chemical Engineering 2015; 31(2): 149-177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2014-0038

Idumah CI. Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Time of Heat Setting and Wet Processing on Shearing Properties of Knitted Ingeo™ Poly (Lactic Acid) (PLA) and Polyethyleneterepthalate. American Journal of Materials Engineering and Technology 2014; 2(1): 1-6.

Idumah CI, Nwachukwu A. Comparative analysis of the effect of heatsetting and wet processing on the tensile properties of Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) and Poly Ethylene Terephthalate (PET) knitted fabrics. International Journal of Materials, Methods and Technologies 2013; 1(4): 45-64.

Idumah CI, Nwachukwu AN. Effects of time of heatsetting on the tensile properties of ingeo™ poly (lactic acid) (PLA) fabric. Journal homepage: www. IJEE. IEE Foundation org 2013; 4(5): 797-806.

Idumah CI. Effects of Time of Heat Setting and Wet Processes on Tensile properties of Griege Knitted Ingeo™ Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) Fabric. J Textile Sci Eng 2013; 3:137.

Idumah CI. Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Time of Heat Setting and Wet Processing on Tensile Properties of Treated and Untreated Knitted PLA Fabric. American Journal of Materials Science and Engineering 2013; 1(3): 40-45.

Idumah CI. A Study of the Effects of Time of Heat Setting and Wet Processing on Shearing (Gf/Cm) Properties of Treated and Untreated Griege Knitted Ingeo™ Poly (Lactic Acid) (Pla) and …. J Textile Sci Eng 4:148.

Idumah CI, Nwachukwu AN. Effects of time of heat setting on the tensile properties of ingeo poly (lactic acid) (PLA) fabric. Int. J. Energy Environ. 2013; 4: 797-806. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000137

Okonkwo CU, Idumah CI, Okafor CE, Ezeani EO. Construction of radiation attenuating polymer nanocomposites and multifacet applications: A Review. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/25740881.2023.2227251

Idumah CI, Iwuchukwu FU, Okoye I, Ogbu JE. Construction, Characterization, Properties and Electromagnetic Inter-ference Applications of MXene Polymeric nanoarchitectures. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 2023.

Idumah CI, Iwuchukwu FU, Okoye I, Ogbu JE. Flame Retardant mechanisms of Metal organic Frameworks (MOFs) Polymeric nanoarchitectures. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 2023; 1-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/25740881.2023.2280600

Idumah CI, Iwuchukwu FU, Okoye I, Ogbu JE. Construction, Characterization, Properties and Electromagnetic Interference Applications of MXene Polymeric nanoarchitectures. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 2023; 1-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/25740881.2023.2267097

Idumah CI, Iwuchukwu FU, Ogbu JE. Progress in multifunctional properties of phosphorene polymeric nanocomposites: a review. Inorganic Chemistry Communications 2023; 111640. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2023.111640

Idumah CI. Halloysite nanotubes assisted design of polymeric nanoarchitectures for multifarious applications: a review. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 2023; 62(15): 2043-2062. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/25740881.2023.2251562

Shi Y, Wang Z, Liu C, Wang H, Guo J, Fu L, Feng Y, Liu M. Engineering titanium carbide ultra-thin nanosheets for enhanced fire safety of intumescent flame retardant polylactic acid. Composites Part B: Engineering 2022; 236: 109792. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.109792

Chen K, Liu M, Shi Y, Wang H, Fu L, Feng Y, Song P. Multi-hierarchical flexible composites towards superior fire safety and electromagnetic interference shielding. Nano Research 2022; 15(10): 9531-9543. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4883-6

Liu L, Feng J, Xue Y, Chevali V, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Tang LC, Song P. 2D MXenes for fire retardancy and fire-warning applications: promises and prospects. Advanced Functional Materials 2023; 33(9): 2212124. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202212124

Wang H, Chen K, Shi Y, Zhu Y, Jiang S, Liu Y, Wu S, et al. Flame retardant and multifunctional BC/MXene/MSiCnw/FRTPU aerogel composites with superior electromagnetic interference shielding via “Consolidating” method. Chemical Engineering Journal 2023; 474: 145904. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.145904

Liu M, Chen K, Shi Y, Wang H, Wu S, Huang R, Feng Y, Tang L, Liu X, Song P. High-performance flexible nanocomposites with superior fire safety and ultra-efficient electromagnetic interference shielding. Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2023.05.017

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Published

2025-10-21

How to Cite

Ezika, A. C. ., Kupolati, W. K. ., Sadiku, E. R. ., & Idumah, C. . (2025). Advances in Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Nanocomposites and Applications. Journal of Research Updates in Polymer Science, 14, 171–188. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5995.2025.14.18

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