Cumulative Rehearsal and Auditory Verbal Memory of Persons with Down Syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2022.10.02.6Keywords:
Persons with Down syndrome, Cumulative Rehearsal, Auditory Verbal Memory, Experimental designAbstract
One of the characteristics of persons with Down syndrome is poor memory, especially the Auditory-Verbal Memory (AVM). Lack of verbal memory among persons with Down syndrome is one major factor that inhibits learning. This is why the effort towards enhancing AVM of persons with Down syndrome is evolving. This study, therefore, investigated the efficacy of cumulative rehearsal on auditory verbal memory of persons with Down syndrome with speech production and gender as moderator variables.
A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial matrix of pretest-posttest control group experimental design was used in the study. A sample of thirty participants was drawn from a population of 44 persons with Down syndrome and randomly assigned to control and experimental groups in two special schools; National Orthopaedic Special School, Igbobi, and Modupe Cole Memorial Childcare and Treatment Home/School, Akoka. Data was collected using a validated self-developed instrument, Auditory Verbal Memory Assessment Scale (AVMAS) (r-0.86). Two hypotheses were tested using ANCOVA.
Findings from the study revealed that: cumulative rehearsal therapy significantly impacted the auditory-verbal memory of persons with Down syndrome, with significant improvement observed. There was no significant interaction effect of speech level and gender with the therapy.
It was thus concluded that cumulative rehearsal therapy is effective in enhancing auditory-verbal memory and so recommended for the improvement of AVM of persons with Down syndrome.
References
Dada OA, Amodu TA. Teacher preparation for instruction and management of children with autism. Bayero Journal of Education in Africa 2016; 5(1): 206-215.
Down syndrome Association of Central Ohio (DSACO 2020). Three types. Retrieved from https://www.dsaco.net/three types.
Down syndrome Association of Central Ohio (DSACO 2020). Three types. Retrieved from https://www.dsaco.net/three types
Pulina F, Carretti B, Lanfranchi S, Mammarella IC. Improving spatial- simultaneous working memory in Down syndrome: Effect of a training program led by parents instead of expert. Frontiers in Psychology 2015; 6: Article 1265,9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01265
Thomas J. Down syndrome: Facts, statistics and you 2018. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/down-syndrome.
Hickey F, Hickey E, Sumner KL. Medical update for care of children with Down syndrome for the paediatrician and family practitioner. Journal of PubMed 2012; 50(1): 137-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yapd.2012.04.006
Weijerman M, De-Winter P. Clinical practice. The care of children with Down syndrome. European Journal of Paediatrics 2010; 169(12): 144-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-010-1253-0
Dada OA, Adeleke OP, Aderibigbe SA, Adeife MA, Apie MA. Music Therapy in Enhancing Learning Attention of Children with Intellectual Disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability: Diagnosis and Treatment 2021; 9(4): 363-367. https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2021.09.04.2
Chapman RS, Hesketh LJ. Behavioural phenotype of individuals with Down syndrome. Mental Retardation and Development Disabilities Research 2000; 6: 84-95. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-2779(2000)6:2<84::AID-MRDD2>3.0.CO;2-P
Egaga PI, Amodu TA, Dada OA. Effectiveness of oral motor exercise on speech articulation and production of children with orofacial myofunctional disorder. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation 2018; 5(4): 49-52.
Yang Y, Conners FA, Merill E. Visuospatial ability in individuals with Down syndrome: Is it really a strength? Research in Developmental Disability 2014; 35: 1473-1500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2014.04.002
Costa HM, Purser HRM, Passolunghi MC. Improving working memory abilities in individuals with Down syndrome: a treatment case study. Frontiers in Psychology 2015; 6: 133. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01331
Adeleke OP, Ewa JA, Olayi JA, Orim SO. Impact of Intellectual Disability on the Family Economy in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Journal of Intellectual Disability: Diagnosis and Treatment 2020; 8(2): 254-261. https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2020.08.02.22
Conners FA, Rosenquist CJ, Arnett L, Moore MS, Hume LE. Improving memory span in children with Down syndrome. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 2008; 52: 244-255. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2007.01015.x
Loprinzi PD, Frith E. Role of gender in memory function: Considerations and Recommendations in context of Exercise. National Library of Medicine 2018. Retrieved from: www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7060132
Dada OA, Edem MM. Developmental deviation and home management of children with intellectual disabilities. Special Needs Education 2015; 1: 83-90.
Jacky G. Speech difficulties in Down syndrome Speech Buddies 2012. Retrieved from https://www.speechbuddy. com/blog/speech. 10/102019.
Gary EM, Klusek J, Roberts J. Language characteristics of individuals with Down syndrome. Topics in Language Disorders 2010; 29(2): 112 -120. https://doi.org/10.1097/TLD.0b013e3181a71fe1
Conners FA, Rosenquist CJ, Taylor LA. Memory training for children with Down syndrome. Down syndrome Research and Practice 2001; 7: 25-33. https://doi.org/10.3104/reports.111
Comblain A. Working memory in Down syndrome: training the rehearsal strategy. Down Syndrome Research and Practice 2004; 2: 123-126. https://doi.org/10.3104/reports.42
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
