Accepted Manuscript File Formats

Please submit your paper in MS Word (.doc or .docx) file format according to the detailed Manuscript Preparation Guides given below. The number of pages is at the discretion of authors; on average, papers are 10-20 pages long. When preparing your paper for publication, we strongly advise that you pay particular attention to your research methods, key results, and language. To ensure rapid review and publication, please adhere to these guidelines.

   The first page of the manuscript should include the following information:

                       a. Title of Manuscript

                       b. Names, addresses, and email addresses of all authors

                       c. Name and complete address of the corresponding author

                       d. Abstract

Originality

Submissions must be original work, the copyright to which is not already owned elsewhere. Originality, creativity, and a cross-disciplinary approach or perspectives are strongly encouraged. Significant duplication of papers and parallel submissions are not allowed. In such cases, the publisher reserves the right to withdraw publishing rights from authors and co-authors of the paper for a substantial time. It is the authors' responsibility to check for possible copyright conflict with the copyright holder and agree to our Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice Statement.

Language

Given that the manuscript must be written in English, and if English is not the author's mother tongue, we recommend that the paper be proofread to ensure its accuracy and improve the language quality. The publisher can also provide a copy-editing service on payment.

Manuscript Preparation

General: Manuscripts must be typewritten, double spaced with ample margins on one side of white paper. The first page of a manuscript should include (a) Title of Manuscript (b) Names, addresses, and email addresses of all co-authors (c) Name, complete address, telephone number, fax number, and email address of the corresponding author (d) Abstract. An electronic copy of the paper should accompany that final version. The Editors reserve the right to adjust the style to specific standards for uniformity.

Paper Length: The Editors generally encourage brevity for all Research Papers. Short Communications must not exceed four printed pages and will be given priority for rapid publication.

Abstracts: Abstracts should not exceed 250 words and should not contain a full reference.

Keywords: A minimum of 5 keywords must be included on a separate line below the main abstract and labelled as "Keywords". To optimise searching avoids keywords already used in the title. Avoid general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, 'and', 'of'). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

Text: Follow this order when typing manuscripts: Title, Author, Affiliations, Abstract, Keywords, Text, Acknowledgment, Appendix, References, (Vitae if required –see below) Figure captions, and Tables. Do not import the Figures or Tables into your main text file in MS Word format. Provide a separate PDF file of your manuscript text with the correct placement of figures and tables. The corresponding author should be identified with an asterisk and footnote. All other footnotes numerals (except for table footnotes) should be identified with superscript Arabic numbers.

Units: SI units. If other units are necessary, include the conversion factor and add the non –standard unit in parenthesis.

Symbols: Define in text. Place an extensive list of symbols in the appendix.

Math: Avoid double suffix. Punctuate carefully.

Declaration of Gen AI Use in STM Publications

The guidelines below are only for the writing process, not for using AI tools to analyze and draw insights from data as part of the research process.

When using generative artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process, authors should use these tools only to enhance readability and language. Human oversight and control are necessary when applying the technology, and authors should thoroughly review and edit the result. It's important to note that AI can produce output that sounds authoritative but may be incorrect, incomplete, or biased. AI and AI-assisted technologies should not be credited as authors or co-authors, nor should they be cited as such. Authorship entails responsibilities and tasks that are unique to and can only be carried out by humans.

Authors must disclose their use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in their manuscript preparation by following the instructions. A statement regarding this disclosure will be included in the published work. It is important to note that authors bear full responsibility for the content of their work.

Disclosure Instructions

Please ensure that any use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process is disclosed by adding a statement at the end of the manuscript in the core manuscript file before the References list. This statement should be placed in a new section titled 'Declaration of Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process'.

Statement: During the preparation of this work, the author(s) utilized [NAME OF TOOL/SERVICE] to [REASON]. Following this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as necessary and take(s) full responsibility for the publication's content.

This declaration does not apply to basic tools for checking grammar, spelling, and references. There is no need to include a statement if there is nothing to disclose.

REFERENCES: References must be listed in the numerical system (Vancouver). All references should be numbered sequentially [in square brackets] in the text and listed in the same numerical order in the reference section. The reference numbers must be finalised, and the bibliography must be fully formatted before submission.

Journal titles are abbreviated (to decipher abbreviations see: PubMed Journals Database <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=journals>)

* Only the first words of the article title and words that usually begin with a capital letter are capitalized.

* If the journal has continuous page numbering, you may omit the month/issue number

See below a few examples of references listed in the correct Vancouver style:

[1]   Smith SD, Jones, AD. Organ donation. N Engl J Med 2001; 657: 230-5.

[2]   Brown JG. Asphyxiation. Med J Aust 2003; 432:120-4.

Typical Chapter Reference:

[3]   Blaxter PS, Farnsworth TP. Social health and class inequalities. In: Carter C, Peel JR, editors. Equalities and inequalities in health. 2nd ed. London: Academic Press 1976; p. 165-78.

Book Reference:

[4]   Carlson BM. Human embryology and developmental biology. 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2004.

Edited Book:

[5]   Brown AM, Stubbs DW, Eds. Medical physiology. New York: Wiley 1983.

Conference Paper and Proceedings:

[6]   Anderson JC. Current status of chorion villus biopsy. In: Tudenhope D, Chenoweth J, editors. Proceedings of the 4th Congress of the Australian Perinatal Society; 1986: Brisbane, Queensland: Australian Perinatal Society; 1987: p. 190-6.

[7]   Harris AH, editor. Economics and health: 1997: Proceedings of the 19th Australian Conference of Health Economists; 1997: Sep 13-14; Sydney, Australia. Kensington, N.S.W.: School of Health Services Management, University of New South Wales; 1998.

Journal Article on the Internet:

[8]   Aylin P, Bottle A, Jarman B, Elliott, P. Paediatric cardiac surgical mortality in England after Bristol: descriptive analysis of hospital episode statistics 1991-2002. BMJ [serial on the Internet]. 2004 Oct 9;[cited 2004 October 15]; 329:[about 10 screens]. Available from: http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/329/7470/825

Book/Monograph on the Internet:

[9]   Donaldson MS, editor. Measuring the quality of health care [monograph on the Internet]. Washington: National Academy Press; 1999 [cited 2004 Oct 8]: Available from http://legacy.netlibrary.com/

Web site/Homepage:

[10]   HeartCentreOnline [homepage on the Internet]. Boca Raton, FL: HeartCentreOnline, Inc.; c2000-2004 [updated 2004 May 23; cited 2004 Oct 15]: Available from: http://www.heartcenteronline.com/

Journal with Part/Supplement:

If a journal carries continuous pagination throughout the volume, then the issue number can be omitted.

Issue with Supplement:

[11]   Glauser TA. Integrating clinical trial data into clinical practice. Neurology 2002; 58(12 Suppl 7): S6-12.

Volume with Part:

[12]   Abend SM, Kulish N. The psychoanalytic method from an epistemological viewpoint. Int J Psychoanal 2002; 83(Pt 2): 491-5.

Issue with Part:

[13]   Ahrar K, Madoff DC, Gupta S, Wallace MJ, Price RE, Wright KC. Development of a large animal model for lung tumors. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2002; 13(9 Pt 1): 923-8.

Patent:

[14]   Pagedas AC, inventor; Ancel Surgical R&D Inc., assignee. Flexible endoscopic grasping and cutting device and positioning tool assembly. United States patent US 20020103498. 2002 Aug.

E-citations:

[15] Citations for articles/material published exclusively online or in open access (free-to-view), must contain the exact Web addresses (URLs) at the end of the reference(s), except those posted on an author's Web site unless editorially essential, e.g. 'Reference: Available from: URL'.

Some important points to remember:

• All references must be complete and accurate.
• If the number of authors exceeds six, then "et al." will be used after three names (the term "et al." should be in italics).
• Online citations should include the date of access.
• Journal abbreviations should follow the Index Medicus/MEDLINE.
• Take special care of the punctuation convention as described in the examples as mentioned above.
• Avoid using superscript in the in-text citations and reference section.
• Abstracts, unpublished data, and personal communications (which can only be included if prior permission has been obtained) should not be given in the reference section, but they may be mentioned in the text and details should be provided as footnotes.
• The authors are encouraged to use a recent version of EndNote (version 5 and above) or Reference Manager (version 10) when formatting their reference list, as this allows references to be automatically extracted.

Illustrations:

• All illustrations should be provided in the camera-ready form, suitable for reproduction (which may include reduction) without retouching.
• All illustrations must be readable when reduced to a width of 75 mm (single column figure) or 160 mm (double column figure).
• Photographs, charts, and diagrams are all to be referred to as "Figure(s)" and should be numbered consecutively to which they are referred. They should accompany the manuscript but should not be included in the text.
• All illustrations should be clearly numbered. All figures are required to have a caption. Captions should be supplied on a separate sheet.

Tables: Tables should be numbered consecutively, and each table typed on a separate sheet. Footnotes to tables should be typed below the tables and should be referred to by superscript lowercase letters. No vertical rules should be used. Tables should not duplicate result presented elsewhere in the manuscript (e.g. in the graph).

Proofs:

Proofs will be sent to the author (the first-named author if no corresponding author is identified of multi-authored papers) and should be returned within 48 hours of receipt. Corrections should be restricted to typesetting errors: any others may be charged to the author. Any queries should be answered in full. Please note that authors are urged to check their proofs carefully before return since the inclusion of late corrections cannot be guaranteed.

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Peer Review Policy:

All journals published by Lifescience Global follow the peer review system designed for each article published.

• Manuscript topics are normally approved by senior editors followed by formal peer review conducted in collaboration with editorial board members and independent referees appointed by the editorial team of each journal.
• In case of a theme issue on a particular topic, the appointed Guest Editor is responsible for conducting a peer review and submitting full review reports along with accepted manuscripts of the journal.
• Lifescience Global encourages its editorial teams to use the electronic submission and peer-review system for its journals to facilitate them during the peer review process.

 

Processing Fee:

After editorial approval and peer review, all submitted manuscripts are subject to an article processing fee and/or Open Access fee (if opted) covering the cost of production. Since all journals carry different fee structures, to inquire about article processing fee of a particular journal, please email us at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. with your name, address, country, and journal-title of interest.

Plagiarism Policy:

All articles are subject to plagiarism check on submission. Professionally-recognised software (including CROSS CHECK and PLAGIARISM CHECKER X) is used to evaluate all submissions.

 

Go to⇒:   Processing Fee information
Peer Review Policy information

 

Accepted Manuscript File Formats

Please submit your paper in MS Word (.doc or .docx) file format according to the detailed Manuscript Preparation Guides given below. The number of pages is at the discretion of authors; on average papers are 10-20 pages long. When preparing your paper for publication, we strongly advise that you pay particular attention to your research methods, key results, and language. To ensure rapid review and publication, please adhere to these guidelines.

Originality

Submissions must be original work, the copyright to which is not already owned elsewhere. Originality, creativity and a cross-disciplinary approach or perspectives are strongly encouraged. Significant duplication of papers and parallel submissions are not allowed and in such cases, the publisher reserves the right to withdraw publishing rights from authors and co-authors of the paper for a substantial period of time. It is the authors' responsibility to check for possible copyright conflict with the copyright holder and agree to our Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice Statement.

Language

Given that the manuscript must be written in English, if English is not the mother tongue of the author we recommend that the paper should be proofread to ensure its accuracy and improve the language quality. The publisher can also provide copy editing service on payment.

Manuscript Preparation / Formatting

Title Page

Include a separate title page with the full title of the manuscript, authors' names and institutions (listed vertically if there are more than one), and a complete word count of the document (which includes footnotes and references).

A title footnote should include the address of the corresponding author (that is – the author who receives correspondence regarding the article), grants/funding, and additional credits and acknowledgements (for papers for sociology classes, this is often not needed).

Abstract

If an abstract is needed, it should be on a separate page, immediately after the title page, with the title of the document as the heading. The abstract should be one paragraph, 150-200 words in length.

Key Words
On the same page as the abstract, include a list of three to five words that help to identify main themes in the manuscript.

Footnotes and Endnotes
Footnotes and endnotes are used to cite materials of limited availability, expand upon the text, or to add information presented in a table.

Endnotes are used more frequently than footnotes, but both should be used sparingly. As a general rule, use one or the other throughout the manuscript but do not mix them. (The exception to this rule is to use a footnote on the Title page and for tables, but use endnotes throughout the rest of the document for manuscripts being submitted to a sociology journal.)

In the text, footnotes or endnotes, whichever are used, should be numbered consecutively throughout the essay with superscript Arabic numerals.

Footnotes are placed at the bottom of the page on which the material being referenced appears. If using endnotes, at the end of the paper in a separate section following the references, type the endnotes in numerical order, double-spaced, as a separate section with the title Notes or Endnotes.

Begin each note with the same superscripted number used in the text.

Page Numbering
Pages should be numbered consecutively (1, 2, 3...) starting with the title page and including the references page(s), or as specified by journal or course instructor.

Tables and Figures
Number tables consecutively (Table 1, Table 2, Table 3).
Number figures consecutively (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3).

In tables, give full headings for every column and row, avoiding the use of abbreviations whenever possible. Spell out the word percent in headings.

General Formatting
Cite the last name of the author and year of publication. Include page numbers within the citation when directly quoting the authors’ words or paraphrasing a passage.  If the author's name is used in the text, put the date in parentheses.

When Duncan (1959) studied...

If the author's name is not in the text, enclose last name and year in parentheses.

When these relationships were studied (Gouldner 1963)...

Using Quotes
Short quotations in the body of the manuscript should be surrounded by quotation marks. Block quotations (direct quotations of more than 40 words) should be offset from the main text and may be single-spaced. Do not include quotation marks with block quotes.   Pagination follows the year of publication after a colon (note that in the in-text citation, there is no space between the colon and the page number).

As tabulated by Kuhn (1970:71) the results show...

Multiple Authors
For joint authors, give both last names.

(Martin and Bailey 1988)

For three authors, give all last names in the first citation in the text; in subsequent citations, use the first name and et al.
First citation: (Carr, Smith, and Jones 1962)... Later citations: (Carr et al. 1962)

For four or more authors, use the first author's last name plus et al. in all citations.

(Nilson et al. 1962)

Name of Author Unknown
For institutional authorship, supply the minimum identification needed from the beginning of the complete reference to find it in the reference list.

(U.S. Bureau of the Census 1963:117)

Multiple Citations
Separate a series of references with a semicolon and either alphabetize or place them in chronological order, but be consistent throughout the manuscript.

(Burgess 1982; Marwell et al. 1971)

(Marwell et al. 1971; Burgess 198s)

Citing a Reprinted Work
If the work being cited was published earlier and then re-released, list the earliest date first, in brackets, then the most recent date.

(Finke and Stark [1992] 2005)

Citing Unpublished Work

For unpublished papers, cite the date, or, if scheduled to be published soon, use forthcoming in lieu of a date. If no date is given, use N.d.

Jones (N.d.) discusses the relationship between students and parents.

For archival sources, use abbreviations when possible.

Meany Archives, LRF, Box 6, March 18, 1970).

References Page Formatting
References follow the text in a section headed REFERENCES (use first-level head format identified earlier).

All references should be double-spaced and use a hanging indent.

Use title case for all titles (capitalize all words except prepositions such as of, between, through), articles (such as a, the, and an), and conjunctions (such as but, and, or; however, capitalize them if they begin the title or the subtitle).

Capitalize only the first word in hyphenated compound words, unless the second word is a proper noun or adjective (for example, don’t capitalize it in The Issue of Self-preservation for Women, but do capitalize it in Terrorist Rhetoric: The Anti-American Sentiment).

All references should be in alphabetical order by the first authors’ last names

Include first names for all authors, rather than initials, but use first-name and middle-name initials if an author used initials in the original publication.

List all authors. It is not acceptable to use et al. in the References section unless the work was authored by a committee.

For repeated authors or editors, include the full name in all references (note: this is a change from the third edition of the ASA Style Guide). Arrange references for the same author in chronological order, beginning with the oldest.

Baltzell, E. Digby. 1958. Philadelphia Gentlemen. Glencoe, IL: Free Press

Baltzell, E. Digby. 1964. The Protestant Establishment. New York: Random House.

Baltzell, E. Digby. 1976. “The Protestant Establishment Revisited.” American Scholar 45:499-519.

When an author appears in both single-authored references and as the first author in a multiple-authored reference, place all of the single-authored references first, even though they may not be in the proper chronological order.

Hoge, Dean R. 1979. "A Test of Theories of Denominational Growth and Decline." Pp. 179-197 in Understanding Church Growth and Decline 1950-1978, edited by D. R. Hoge and D. A. Roozen. New York and Philadelphia: Pilgrim Press.

Hoge, Dean R., Benton Johnson, and Donald A. Luidens. 1994. Vanishing Boundaries: The Religion of Mainline Baby Boomers. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press.

When the same first author appears in multiple references, arrange them alphabetically by the last name of the second author.

Alba, Richard and Philip Kasinitz. 2006. “Sophisticated Television, Sophisticated Stereotypes.” Contexts 5(4):74-77.

Alba, Richard, John R. Logan, and Brian J. Stults. 2000. “The Changing Neighborhood Contexts of the Immigrant Metropolis.” Social Forces 79(2):587-621.

When including more than one work by the same author(s) from the same year, add letters to the year (2010a, 2010b, 2010c) and then list the references for that author and year alphabetically by title.

Fyfe, James J. 1982a. “Blind Justice: Police Shootings in Memphis.” The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 73(2):707-22.

Fyfe, James J. 1982b. “Race and Extreme Police-Citizen Violence.” Pp. 173-94 in Readings on Police Use of Deadly Force, edited by J. J. Fyfe. New York: Police Foundation.

Reference Examples

Book with One Author
Author's full name, inverted so that last name appears first. Year. Book Title in Title Caps and Italicized. Publishing City: Publisher.

Note that the two-letter state abbreviation should be given only if needed to identify the city. For a publisher located in New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, or Boston, for example, it would not be necessary to include the state abbreviation.

Note that the word "volume" is capitalized and abbreviated but not italicized.

Gurr, Ted Robert, ed. 1989. Violence in America. Vol. 1, The History of Crime. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Mason, Karen. 1974. Women's Labor Force Participation. Research Triangle Park, NC: National Institutes of Health.

Book with Two or More Authors
Same as with one author, but do not invert authors’ names after the first author. Separate authors’ names with a comma (unless there are only two authors), and include the word and before the final author.

Note that the word “edition” is abbreviated, and not italicized or capitalized.

Corbin, Juliet, and Anselm Strauss. 2008. Basics of Qualitative Research. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

 Edited Volume (when citing the entire volume)

 Same as book reference but add "eds." to denote book editor'(s') name(s).

 Hagan, John and Ruth D. Peterson, eds. 1995. Crime and Inequality. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Chapter in an Edited Volume
Put the chapter title in quotes.

Use Pp. and page numbers to designate where the chapter is found in the volume.

Italicize the book title, then give the book editor’(s’) name(s).

Do not invert editor'(s)' name(s).

Use initials instead of first and middle names for editor(s).

Clausen, John. 1972. "The Life Course of Individuals." Pp. 457-514 in Aging and Society. Vol. 3, A Sociology of Stratification, edited by M.W. Riley, M. Johnson, and A. Foner. New York: Russell Sage.

Scholarly Journal Article
Author's full name, inverted so that last name appears first. Year. “Article Title in Title Caps and in Quotes.” Journal Title in Title Caps and Italicized Volume Number (Issue Number):page numbers of article.

Note that there is no space after the colon preceding page numbers.

For multiple authors, invert last name of first author only.

Separate with commas, unless there are only two author.

Use and between last two authors.

Conger, Rand. 1997. "The Effects of Positive Feedback on Direction and Amount of Verbalization in a Social Setting." American Journal of Sociology 79:1179-259.

Coe, Deborah L. and James D. Davidson. 2011. “The Origins of Legacy Admissions: A Sociological Explanation.” Review of Religious Research 52(3):233-47.

Magazine or Newspaper Article

Ziff, Larzer. 1995. "The Other Lost Generation," Saturday Review, February 20, pp. 15-18.

Newspaper Article (author unknown)
Lafayette Journal & Courier. 1998. Newspaper editorial. December 12, p. A-6.

Public Documents
Because the nature of public documents is so varied, the form of entry for documentation cannot be standardized. The essential rule is to provide sufficient information so that the reader can locate the reference easily.

Reports, Constitutions, Laws, and Ordinances
New York State Department of Labor. 1997. Annual Labor Area Report: New York City, Fiscal Year 1996 (BLMI Report, No. 28). Albany: New York State Department of Labor.

Ohio Revised Code Annotated, Section 3566 (West 2000).

Telecommunications Act of 1996, Public Law 104-014,  110 U.S. Statutes at Large 56 (1996).

U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1990. Characteristics of Population. Vol. 1. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 4.

Legislation Examples
Court cases and legislative acts follow a format stipulated by legal publishers.

The act or case is listed first, followed by volume number, abbreviated title, and the date of the work in which the act or case is found.

The volume number is given in Arabic numerals, and the date is parenthesized.

Court cases are italicized, but acts are not.

Case names, including v., are italicized.

Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954).

If retrieved from an online database, such as LexisNexis or HeinOnline, provide access information.

Ohio v. Vincer (Ohio App. Lexis 4356 [1999]).

U.S. Congress. House of Representatives. Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2007. H.R. 2. 110th Congress, 1st Session, 2007. Retrieved July 11, 2010  (http://thomas.loc.gov).

Unpublished Materials

Name of author. Year. Title of Presentation. Location where the article was presented or is available or has been accepted for publication but has not yet been published.

Conger, Rand D. Forthcoming. “The Effects of Positive Feedback on Direction and Amount of Verbalization in a Social Setting.” Sociological Perspectives.

Smith, Tom. 2003. “General Social Survey.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, August 16, Atlanta, GA.

Dissertation or Thesis

King, Andrew J. 1976. “Law and Land Use in Chicago: A Pre-history of Modern Zoning.” PhD dissertation, Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin, Madison. 

Print Edition of a Book Accessed through an Online Library

Daniels, John. 2010. Apathetic College Students in America. Middletown, IL: University of Middletown Press. Retrieved April 6, 2011(http://site.ebrary.com/lib/collegestudies/docDetail.action?docID=1010101010).

Archival Sources

Meany Archives, LRF, Box 6, March 18, 1970. File 20. Memo, conference with Gloster Current, Director of Organization, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

 Electronic Sources

 For electronic references, follow the same guidelines as for print references, adding information about the medium, such as the URL and date of access.

For online periodicals (journals, magazines, and newspapers), use the same format as for printed periodicals, unless they are available ONLY in online form. In that case, simply add the date viewed and the URL for retrieving the article.

Manuscript Writing Style

In addition to providing guidelines for the general formatting of a manuscript and for in-text citations and the page of references, which follows a document, the ASA Style Guide also specifies a particular style of writing for presenting sociological work.

Basics

Generally, avoid writing in the first person, unless instructed to do so. Avoid giving an opinion, unless the purpose of the writing is to make an argument.

Use the active voice (click here to view the OWL's resources on active voice).

Spell out words such as percent, chi-square and versus, rather than using their abbreviations (except when presenting data in tables or graphs).

Avoiding Plagiarism

Whenever using data that someone else collected, or whenever referring to that data, or whenever using another person’s ideas, whether published, unpublished, or available electronically, reference the author(s). This is true whether quoting their work verbatim or paraphrasing it (click here to view the OWL's resources on avoiding plagiarism).

Clarity

Use straightforward language, avoiding jargon, superlatives, wordy phrases and common expressions. Pay close attention to such “nuts and bolts” issues as consistent use of verb tenses and accuracy in spelling, punctuation, sentence construction, and following a well-thought-out outline.

Bias  

Gender

Unless gendered terms are important to the analysis or demographics, use nongendered terms wherever possible.

Instead of man, men, or mankind, use person, people, individual, or humankind.

Then there will be peace for mankind becomes Then there will be peace for humankind.

When appropriate, use a plural noun (people) or a pronoun (they). Replace gendered pronouns with an article when possible (instead of hers).

A girl can play her guitar becomes People can play their guitars or A person can play the guitar.

Race and Ethnicity

Avoid racial and ethnic stereotyping.

Be as specific as possible when using terms that describe a race or ethnicity.

Chinese is more specific than Asian; Puerto Rican is more specific than Latino.

Use the following terms:

* African American (no hyphen)

* black (not capitalized)

* white (not capitalized)

* Hispanic, Chicano, Latino, or Latina (Latino if gender is unknown or known to be male; Latina if known to be female)

* American Indian or Native American (no hyphen)

* Asian or Asian American (no hyphen)

Avoid using the following:

    * Negro

    * Afro-American

    * Oriental

Acronym Usage

The first time you use an acronym, you should give the full name with the acronym in parenthesis.

Afterward, you can use only the acronym.

According to a Department of Energy (DoE) report...

Later in the text:

The DoE suggests that..

Verb Tense

Different sections of a paper may call for different verb tenses but use the same tense within each section.

Literature Review

Use the past tense to communicate that the research being reviewed has been completed.

In their study of declining congregations, Hoge and Roozen (1979) found that institutional factors were also important.

It is possible to mix tenses if it helps to explain the finding.

In their study of declining congregations, Hoge and Roozen (1979) found that institutional factors may also help to explain the congregational decline.

Methods Section

Use the past tense to explain the methods used in the research.

Data collection consisted of twenty interviews in each congregation between the months of November 2010 and February 2011.

Results Section

Use either past or present tense but don’t mix them.

These results suggest that institutional factors do help explain the congregational decline.

OR:

These results suggested that institutional factors did help explain the congregational decline.

Punctuation

In addition to following general writing conventions, the ASA Style Guide also provides the following guidelines

Use only one space after punctuation marks (do not use two spaces between sentences).

Punctuation marks should be in the same font (including italics) as the text that precedes it. (Note: this is a change from the previous usage in The Chicago Manual of Style). The respondent replied, “I loved the movie, Crash!”

When numbering a series of items in a list, use the convention (1), (2), (3) rather than 1. or 1).

The study finds that three variables are important predictors of openness to outside groups: (1) endorsement of the group, (2) political climate, and (3) cultural compatibility.

Proofs
Proofs will be sent to the author (first named author if no corresponding author is identified of multi-authored papers) and should be returned within 48 hours of receipt. Corrections should be restricted to typesetting errors: any others may be charged to the author. Any queries should be answered in full. Please note that authors are urged to check their proofs carefully before return. Since the inclusion of late corrections cannot be guaranteed.

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Processing Fee

After editorial approval and peer review, all submitted manuscripts are subject to an article processing fee for OPEN ACCESS papers covering the cost of production.

International Journal of Criminology and Sociology: 

Standard OPEN ACCESS article processing fee = US$ 700
inclusive bank transaction charges. Discounts may be available to authors who meet certain criteria based on manuscript topic, editorial approval, and geolocation.

For further processing fee inquiries please email us at supportlifescienceglobal.com with your name, address, and country.

1.       The first page of the manuscript should include  the following information:

a.       Title of Manuscript

b.      Names, addresses and email addresses of all authors

c.       Name and complete address of the corresponding author

d.      Abstract

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Peer Review Policy

All journals published by Lifescience Global follow the peer review system designed for each article published.

• Manuscript topics are normally approved by senior editors followed by formal peer review conducted in collaboration with editorial board members and independent referees appointed by editorial team of each journal.
• In case of theme issue on a particular topic, the appointed Guest Editor is responsible to conduct peer review and submit full review reports along with accepted manuscripts of the journal.
• Lifescience Global encourages its editorial teams to use the electronic submission and peer-review system for its journals to facilitate them during peer review process.