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Abstract : Health Monitoring Considering Air Quality Index Prediction Using Neuro Fuzzy Inference Model: A Case Study of Lahore, Pakistan
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Abstract: For many years, improving air quality has been great attention of the whole world. It has been recognized that air pollution as a hypothetically hazardous type of environmental pollution and polluted air directly affects the human health. In Asian countries, it has converged less attention of ever growing most alarming and hazardous issue of air pollution. This paper presents a case study of Lahore city of Pakistan for the prediction of Air Quality Index (AQI) using hybrid approach of Neuro Fuzzy (NF) inference system. The ambient air data of Lahore was taken from the Environmental Protection Department (EPD) working under government of the Punjab. For results evaluation, data was recorded at different station in the period from April 2007 to May 2015. The fuzzy rules have been generated according to the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (PAK-EPA) standard of AQI. The NF Inference Model took the air pollutants such as Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Ozone (O3), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) as inputs and predicted the air quality index as good, moderate, or unhealthy air. The results showed that NF based AQI prediction model classifies the AQI proficiently, robustly, and accurately as compared to conventional method. Keywords: Air pollution, Fuzzy logic, Artificial Neural Network, Atmospheric Environment, Human Health effects, Air quality index. |
Abstract : Effect of Dextrose Sugar on the Growth and Production of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) through Tissue Culture
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Abstract: The study was conducted to investigate the dextrose sugar effect as carbon source on mycelial growth and production of Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). The experiment was performed in Mushroom Laboratory, Plant Pathology Section, Agriculture Research Institute, Tandojam, during 2013-2014. Mycelial growth was developed by using tissue culture on medium (PDA) potato dextrose agar with various concentrations of dextrose sugar. Analysis of variance for concentrations was statistically highly significant for all the parameters. In some cases among the different concentrations, 2.0% dextrose sugar showed after 2 days of micro propagation, the mycelial growth (1.9 cm) was recorded, followed by 1.5% dextrose sugar that showed (1.7 cm). The earlier spawn mycelia growth was observed in case of amending same 0/2% dextrose sugar (24.5 days). The pinhead first appeared (29.5 days) after the date of spawning by using 2.0% dextrose sugar. The minimum period (4.2 days) for maturation of mushroom fruiting body were recorded at 20% and 1.5% dextrose sugar. The maximum numbers of fruiting bodies (56.2) were observed with an application of dextrose sugar at 2.0%. The maximum number of bunches per bag (16.5) were harvested with an application of dextrose sugar 2.0%. The highest (350.5 g) fresh yield of Oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus was recorded from 2.0% am ended of dextrose sugar. Keywords: Oyster mushroom, carbon source, media, mycelia growth, tissue culture dextrose sugar. |
Abstract :ARIMA Forecasting Chinese Macroeconomic Variables Based on Factor and Principal Component Backdating (8)
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Abstract: In this paper the backdating methods based on factors and principal components are applied for the first time to emulate the historical macroeconomic variables in China. The numerical results show that these procedures are useful to backdate some missing or not available historical data. ARIMA forecasting experiments based on backdated historical data are conducted and compared with forecasting procedures using directly factors and principal components. Our results suggest that some key variables like GDP can indeed be forecasted more precisely with the principal components backdated data. Keywords: Backdating, Factor model, Principal components, ARIMA forecasting, GDP of China. |
Abstract : Efficacy of Different Bio-Pesticides against Major Sucking Pests on Brinjal under Field Conditions
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Abstract: A field study was carried out during 2015 at the experimental area of Entomology Section, Agriculture Research Institute, (ARI) Tando Jam to examine the efficacy of different bio-pesticides against major sucking pests on brinjal under field conditions. Four treatments with three replications were applied. The treatments were: T1=Neem (Azadirachta indica), T2= Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), T3= Datura (Datura stramonium) and T4=Control (untreated). Three insect pests were found infesting brinjal including white flies, jassid and mites. Pre-treatment and post-treatment observations were recorded.The results revealed that against white fly, the first spray of Neem extract showed highest reduction percent (82.60%) followed by Tobacco extract (75.95%), Datura extract (73.93%), and lowest for untreated control (11.07%); while in the second spray also Neem extract showed highest effect against white fly (67.53%); followed by Tobacco extract (56.43%), Datura extract (42.25%), and least by untreated plot (5.49%). Against jassid, Neem extract showed highest effect (55.95%) as observed during 1st spray, followed by Tobacco extract (53.38%), Datura o extract (63.11%)and untreated control (8.00%), while after second spray also Neem extract showed highest reduction percent (68.73%) followed by Tobacco extract (55.72%), Datura extract (50.66%) and the lowest was resulted by untreated control (13.90%). Against mites population on brinjal the first spray results showed that Neem extract showed highest effect (96.19%) followed by Tobacco extract (95.75%), Datura extract (86.86%) and least population was recorded in untreated control (9.96%). After second spray, Neem extract showed highest reduction percent (98.33%), followed by Tobacco extract (92.85%), Datura extract (88.93%) and the lowest reduction percent was resulted by untreated control (9.14%)respectively. Neem extract showed its superiority in effect to combat sucking insect pests studied in brinjal, followed by, Tobacco extract, Datura extract and untreated control remained the least. Keywords: Bio-pesticides, Sucking pests of brinjal. |
