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Abstract : Radiopeptides Analogues of Somatostatin Used for the Treatment of Neuroendocrine Tumors – Literature Review
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Abstract: The use of somatostatin analogues is growing each year, especially for tumor imaging and treatment. In this scenario the numbers of radionuclides and the perspective of new one are quite promising. In this review we approach the possibilities and give an overview of the trends and possibilities in this area. Keywords: Radiopharmaceuticals, peptides, endocrinology, neuroendocrine tumors.Download Full Article |
Abstract : Pathological Complete Response Induced by the Combination Therapy of Gemcitabine and 24-h Infusion of Cisplatin in Two Cases Initially Diagnosed as Node-Positive Advanced Urothelial Carcinomas
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Abstract: We report on two patients, successfully treated by the combination therapy of gemcitabine and 24-h intravenous infusion of cisplatin, who were initially diagnosed with node-positive advanced urothelial cancer. Each patient had a very good clinical response and underwent curative radical surgery after gemcitabine/cisplatin chemotherapy. A microscopically detailed examination of surgically obtained specimens showed the complete disappearance of malignant cells in the two cases. As a pilot study, we have used the regimen of gemcitabine plus 24-h continuous infusion of cisplatin, instead of bolus injection, for the treatment of 20 patients with node-positive or metastatic urothelial cancer. The clinical response rate in this regimen was 75% (complete response 7/20; 35%, partial response 8/20; 40%). The median overall survival was 665 days. As for the adverse effects, the incidences of severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia (grade 3-4) were 20% and 15%, which might be less toxic than conventional gemcitabine plus cisplatin therapy. The 24-h infusion of cisplatin combined with gemcitabine can be highly recommended as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced urothelial cancer. Keywords: Urothelial carcinoma, cisplatin, gemcitabine, pathological complete response.Download Full Article |
Abstract : C-Terminal-PEDF Reduces IC50 Doses and Chemoresistant Population of CD133 and BCRP1-Positve Cancer Stem Like Cells
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Abstract: The cancer stem cell hypothesis suggests that cancer contains cancer cells with stemness characteristics, and also in immortalised cancer cell lines. This work analyzes the characteristics of the “cancer stem cell” population in C6 tumour cell line. We found a small population defined by the expression of two biomarkers, previously reported in both stem and cancer stem cells, with an aggressive phenotype injected in nude mice. We found 0.6% BCRP1+ cells, the principal protein responsible for the Side Population (SP). On the other hand, we found a small CD133+ positive population, a self-renewal related protein. Moreover, the entire CD133+ population matched with part of BCRP1+ cells suggesting that CD133+ cells could be a subpopulation of BCRP1+ cells, and therefore, a more specific cancer stem cell population than previously described for glioma C6 cell line. These CD133+/BCRP1+ cells display an aggressive phenotype when injected into NOD/SCID mice. We also eventually found this cancer stem cell like population (BCRP1+/CD133+) in other types of cancer, even in a brain tumour patient sample with aggressive disease, but not in patient sample with good prognosis. Besides, the important finding in this study is that inhibition of cancer stem cell self renewal could reflex a decrease in resistance to chemotherapy. IC50 and percentage of resistant cells is reported after treatment with a stem cell self renewal inhibitor. Keywords: BCRP1, ABCG2, ABC transporter family, EpCAM, DFFDA, long retaining labelling cells, Cancer stem cell, self renewal inhibition, asymmetric division, Pigmented epithelium derived factor (PEDF).Download Full Article |
Abstract : Role of Primary Tumour Resection and Addition of Bevacizumab to Chemotherapy in the Management of Advanced Colorectal Cancer with Inoperable Metastasis: A Retrospective Analysis
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Abstract: Purpose:To analyze the impact of primary tumour resection on treatment outcomes in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) and inoperable metastases at diagnosis in combination with optimal systemic therapy. Methods:A retrospective study was carried out in four hospitals in Valencia (Spain) including all consecutive patients diagnosed between 1/2009 and 12/2010 of advanced CRC with inoperable metastasis and treated with a fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin combination chemotherapy regimens with or without bevacizumab (B). Treatment outcomes were compared between patients undergoing or not primary tumour resection. Results:A total of 112 patients met inclusion criteria: 62 patients underwent resection of the primary tumour (Group 1) and 50 were treated with exclusive chemotherapy (Group 2). Globally, patients in group 2 presented more disfavorable characteristics. Forty-five (72%) and 31 (62%) patients received chemotherapy with bevacizumab respectively. Overallresponse rate(ORR) were 67% in Group 1 and 56% in Group 2. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in progression free survival (PFS) (12 vs. 10 months; p =0.11) and overall survival (OS) (27 vs. 22 months; p 0.1). B regimens increased ORR (73% vs. 42%; p = 0.003) and PFS (12 vs. 11 months; p = 0.019) but not OS. Complications were higher in the group of patients without primary tumour resection, particularly when associated to B regimens. Conclusions:Primary tumour resection offers no survival gain for patients with advanced CRC and inoperable metastases. Benefits of adding Bevacizumab to standard chemotherapy were similar in both groups, but it increases the risk of complications in non-resected patients. Keywords: Primary Tumour Resection, Advanced Colorectal Cancer, Metastases, Survival, Bevacizumab.Download Full Article |
