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Abstract: Dystonia is the third leading movement disorder arising mainly from the damage of basal ganglia or other parts of the brain that control movements. The objective of this review is to represent the detailed profile of dystonia. A computerized literature review was conducted in authentic scientific databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct and National Institutes of Health (NIH) etc. Terms searched included dystonia, risk factors, etiologies, clinical features, classification, pathology, guidelines, treatment strategies, primary and secondary dystonia. Initially, 97 articles and 9 books were extracted but finally, 64 articles and 7 books were used. After analysis, we found that causes of dystonia could be acquired or inherited and dystonia can be classified based on age at onset, etiology, and distribution of the affected body parts. The risk factors of this heterogeneous disorder could be trauma, thyroid disorder, hypertension, life habits, occupation, use of drugs and genetics. A significant number of articles were found which signify the ability of brainstem and cerebellar pathology to trigger the symptoms of dystonia. Since antipsychotic drugs are the most commonly prescribed among the people with intellectual disability (ID), therefore they possess a greater risk to experience antipsychotic drugs-induced movement side effects including acute dystonia, parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, and akathisia. Depending on various manifestations and causes, there are several treatment options including oral medications, intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin, neurosurgical procedures and occupational therapy. Keywords: Dystonia, Movement disorder, Intellectual disability, Antipsychotic drugs, Oral medications.
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Abstract: This work studied everyday life of Almaty region dwellers and the impact on their life from rising socialisation and reform of state branches. The interest in everyday life is a result of making an effort to comprehend new construction samples from the period of Stalin’s first five-year plan from the point of view of a Soviet man/population? This information presented the ambitions and living conditions of Almaty’s residents in the industrialisation years of the Soviet Union’s history. During the 1930s, modernisation and its effects were one of the most important factors in the life of Almaty residents. This paper focusses on healthcare and quality of medical service in that era. Keywords: Almaty region, Almaty city, everyday life, healthcare, regional hospitals.
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Abstract: This article is devoted to the problem of the enhancement of the managerial competence required by rectors of higher education institutions in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The essence of this competence reveals, by its component composition (the strategic, communicative, organizational, psychological, pedagogical, entrepreneurial, and political sub-competencies) is determined and justified. As a practical mechanism for the managerial competence enhancement, it proposes to use the profession-oriented educational technology based on the humanistic and competence-based approaches within the framework of the stochastic scientific paradigm. It notes that this educational technology complies with the modern philosophy of education called “lifelong learning”. Keywords: Managerial competence, higher education, profession-oriented technology, humanistic approach, competence-based approach, stochastic paradigm, lifelong education.
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Abstract: The relevance of the research topic is due to the diversity and complexity of the tasks of human education in the 21st century. The modernization processes taking place in the modern Kazakhstani society created a deep crisis of many aspects of social life, including negatively affecting the value orientations of the younger generation, led to the devaluation of family values, alienation of youth from institutions of upbringing. This significant transformation partly led to a change in the orientations and priorities in the educational process of students. Keywords: Expriment, values, family and moral values, formation, students, attitude to the family.
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Abstract: As we live in global village, there are several inner circle native English speakers around the world. Furthermore, there are people who live in out circle and speak English as a second language, the rest who live in expending circle and use English as a foreign language. The increase use of English as an international language more people believe that the necessity of some knowledge about English language should be known, since it provides the awareness of learners beliefs about English language learning as well as it expands the job opportunities. This study can be significant in two parts (theoretical and practical). Firstly in theoretical part this research can be a new area in English language learners’ beliefs in applied linguistics worldwide, and this study can offers information about Kazakhstan University students’ beliefs about English language learning. Secondly in practical level, this research would help EFL teachers in Kazakhstan for understanding of their students’ beliefs about English language learning, and also can be a guideline to the teachers in their teaching methods as well as for the learners understanding of their own beliefs about English language learning. Keywords: Learners beliefs, Kazakhstan University students, EFL, International language.
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