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A Piece of Paper and a Pair of Scissors DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2014.10.56 Published: 10 September 2014 |
Abstract: In this paper we will discuss the problem of splitting a given geometrical figure in two regions of equal area by drawing a line through a given point in the interior of the figure. For some geometric figures we will further discuss the possibility of splitting the figure in regions with areas p% and (100-p) %. Keywords: Areas, calculus.Download Full Article |
Studies on Chemical Constituents of Caesalpinia bonduc L. Roxb DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2014.10.54 Published: 08 September 2014 |
Abstract: A new compound caesanol 1 and a known diterpene 6β, 7β-dibenzoyloxyvouacapen-5α-ol 2 is isolated for the first time from ethanolic extract of aerial part of this plant. Structures of both were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Keywords: Caesalpinia bonduc, Caesalpinia pulcherrina, caesanol, 6β, 7β-dibenzoyloxyvouacapen-5α-ol, isolation.Download Full Article |
Spatio-Temporal Transformation in Agricultural Land-Use Pattern in Karachi Using Geo-Spatial Techniques: A Case Study along West Bank of Malir River DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2014.10.53 Published: 01 September 2014 |
Abstract: The study attempts to investigate spatio-temporal transformation along the west bank of Malir River in Karachi between 2005 and 2013, using geo-spatial techniques. The major objective of this study is to find out the changes occurring in the pattern of land use along Malir River in various administrative units of Karachi division. The study indicates changes in agricultural land during the period covered by the study. These changes which are all related to agricultural land are mainly explained by transformation occurring in terms of various land-use. Due to the unavailability of statistical data at grass root level, primary data have been collected from imageries to obtain different land-use categories. The results show that considerable changes have been witnessed in the entire study area. This kind of research is very useful for all agricultural areas around major cities of the Asia and Africa in terms of land-use change detection. Keywords: Agricultural land, land-use, spatial-temporal, transformation.Download Full Article |
Medical and Clinical Pathology Pre-Screening Visit and Enrolment Seasonal Variability in Healthy Volunteers DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2014.10.55 Published: 08 September 2014 |
Abstract: In the pharmaceutical industry, selection of healthy volunteers is one of the foundations in phase I clinical trials and is a difficult and costly process. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the seasonal variability in recruiting healthy volunteers and examine the value of utilizing a pre-screen visit for healthy volunteers to generate a database pool that will be used in the routine screening process of phase I clinical research studies. We retrospectively studied a total of 1115 male and female volunteers who were scheduled for a medical and clinical pathology pre-screen visit over a one year period. Written consents were obtained from all individuals who participated in the study. Medical pre-screen visit included a full medical history and examination and electrocardiogram and clinical pathology (clinical chemistry, hematology and urinalysis). There was apparent seasonal variability in the participation of individuals in the pre-screen visit. Increased values of clinical chemistry values such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase accounted for the majority of the clinically relevant increased values. Increased values of WBC’s and both platelets and mean corpuscular volume accounted for the lowest values. In urinalysis, the most prevalent abnormal values were increased WBC’s and red blood cells. No apparent differences were seen between sexes.Conducting medical and clinical pathology pre-screening visit is important as a source for healthy volunteer database pool to participate in phase I trials. Keywords: Clinical pathology, healthy volunteers, phase I trials, pre-screen.Download Full Article |
Modeling Nontraumatic Aneurysm Evolution, Growth and Rupture DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2014.10.52 Published: 25 August 2014 |
Abstract: We have presented a mathematical model to study the evolution, growth and risk rupture of nontraumatic aneurysms contained within a cylindrical region of blood vessels. Analytical and numerical solutions are studied. Results affirmed that the intra-aneurysmal pressure and bloodstream flow account for the evolution and growth of aneurysms, and we find that an aneurysm may rupture when the ratio of the lateral membrane contraction to longitudinal membrane extension approaches one. Numerical properties of intra-aneurysmal pressure, impact fluid velocity, membrane displacement and the deformed radius with respect to the Poisson ratio, membrane thickness and extensional rigidity are studied. The importance of the findings is rested on the fact that they can be used to improve noninvasive means for predicting aneurysm rupture, and treatment and management decisions after rupture. Keywords: Elastodynamics, Filtration, Navier-Stokes, Numerical Solutions, Permeability, Poisson Ratio, Aneurysm.Download Full Article |