Grain Yield, Nutrient Accumulation and Fertilizer Efficiency in Bread Wheat under Variable Nitrogen and Phosphorus Regimes - Pages 80-86

^{Muhammad Irfan, Muhammad Abbas, Javiad Ahmed Shah and Muhammad Yousuf Memon}

https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2018.14.11

Published: 6 April 2018

Abstract: Balanced crop nutrition is one of the important tools necessary for sustaining crop productivity, maintaining soil fertility and ensuring food security worldwide. Nitrogen and phosphorus are essential plant macronutrients, nevertheless, most of the Pakistani soils exhibit moderate to severe deficiency of these nutrients. Furthermore, considerable genetic variations exist among wheat genotypes for nutrient acquisition and utilization which illustrate their differential nutrient requirements to produce higher yields. A field experiment was conducted in order to formulate balanced fertilizer recommendations for newly evolved wheat genotype SD-998 to achieve maximum yield potential. Ten treatments viz., 0-0 (control), 90-23, 90-45, 90-70, 120-30, 120-60, 120-90, 150-40, 150-75 and 150-110 kg N-P₂O₅ ha^-1 were applied according to randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed that growth, yield and yield related attributes as well as nutrient accumulation were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) influenced by varying N and P rates. The maximum plant height (100.8 cm), number of tillers per plant (10), spike length (10.3 cm), number of grains per spike (66), 100-grain weight (4.10 g) and grain yield (4990 kg ha^-1) was recorded in treatment having 150-110 kg N-P₂O₅ ha^-1. The highest P recovery efficiency (20.8 %), agronomic N efficiency (19.4 kg kg^-1) and agronomic P efficiency (36.8 kg kg^-1) were attained at 120-30, 90-70 and 150-40 kg N-P₂O₅ ha^-1, respectively. However, the highest total N accumulation (140.8 kg ha^-1), P accumulation (21.0 kg ha^-1), N recovery efficiency (71.1 %) and profit (Rs. 73625 ha^-1) were noticed at 150 kg N plus 110 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1. Thus, 150-110 kg N-P₂O₅ ha^-1 (N:P₂O₅ in 4:3 ratio) was suggested as the most balanced and economical dose for the tested wheat genotype.

Keywords: Crop nutrition, Fertilizer efficiency, Food security, Value-cost ratio, Yield.

Anti-Nematodal Efficacy of Ivermectin (Oral) and Extracts of Coriandrum sativum in Sheep in Barani Livestock Production Research Institute (BLPRI) Kherimurat, District Attak Punjab Pakistan - Pages 87-91
^{Memrez Khushal Gigyani, Khurshaid Anwar, Muhammad Ovais Omer, Habibun Nabi, Insanud Din, Anwarud Din and Zill E. Huma}

https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2018.14.12
Published: 6 April 2018

Abstract: Anthelmentic resistance (AR) is one of the major problems of livestock industry in developing countries. Using indigenous medicinal plants may be an alternate way to overcome this problem. Total 60 sheep nematode positive were selected and divided into 6 groups having 10 sheep each. Group A as un-treated control, group B was given Ivermectin at the dose rate of 0.2mg/kg body weight Group C and Group D was given the Chloroformic extract while Group E and F was given the Methalonic extract of Coriandrum sativum whole plant at the dose rate of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight respectively. After treatments, fecal eggs count reduction test (FECRT) (eggs/g) was carried out on day 7, 14 and 28. The EPG in untreated group at day 28 was increased 21.6%. Significant decrease in EPG was only observed at day 28 in Ivermectin treated group (92.6%) and Methanolic extract at a dose rate of 100 mg/kg body weight (60.69%). No significant results were recorded in remaining groups. It was concluded that 100 mg/kg body weight Methalonic extract of Coriandrum sativum would be a best alternative as anti-nematodal drug. 

Keywords: Anti-nematodal efficacy, Ivermectin, Coriandrumsativum, sheep, Punjab.