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Abstract: Discovering the Traits of Personality in Anesthesiologists at Different Stages of Emotional Burnout Syndrome
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Abstract: To date, intensive care medicine, anesthesiology, and resuscitation are medical spheres that deal with lifesaving issues, particularly the treatment of patients in critical or life-threatening situations. The profession of anesthesiologist-resuscitator is relatively new, although it has centuries-old prehistory. The study aims to identify personality traits that predispose to the formation of emotional burnout syndrome in anesthesiologists-resuscitators. The research was performed at the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Departments of the regional healthcare facilities in Astana and Akmola cities. Findings obtained through this research confirm the hypothesis that personality traits in anesthesiologists-resuscitators are factors that facilitate the development of emotional burnout syndrome. Such a discovery necessitates the prevention of personality destructions as well as the establishment of conditions to reduce them in the case of occurrence. Proper arrangement of the work schedule and a favorable working environment allows preventing the emotional burnout among employees. Keywords: Anesthesiologist-resuscitator, occupational burnout, occupational stress, professional activities of doctors, psychopathological syndrome.
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Abstract: Neural Correlates of Causal Inferences and Semantic Priming in People with Williams Syndrome: An fMRI Study
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Abstract: This study aimed at examining the ability of causal inferences and semantic priming of people with Williams syndrome (WS). Previous studies pointed out that people with WS showed deviant sentence comprehension, given advantageous lexical semantics. This study investigated the impairment in connecting words in the semantic network by using neuroimaging techniques to reveal neurological deficits in the contextual integration of people with Williams syndrome. Four types of word pairs were presented: causal, categorical, associative, and functional. Behavioural results revealed that causal word pairs required heavier cognitive processing than functional word pairs. Distinct neural correlates of semantic priming confirmed atypical semantic linkage and possible cause of impairment of contextual integration in people with WS. The findings of normal behaviours and atypical neural correlates in people with WS provide evidence of atypical development resulted from early gene mutations. Keywords: Neuroimaging, Williams syndrome, causal inference, semantic priming, atypical development.
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Abstract: Creativity as a Resource of Adaptation in a Politically and Economically Unstable Environment
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Abstract: The purpose of the study was to identify the specifics of creativity in student age and the peculiarities of socio-psychological adaptation in a politically and economically unstable environment, as well as gender and micro group patterns of the relationship between creativity and adaptability. The methods such as the Guilford-Torrance method, “Desire for creativity” Scale, Kettell test, Methods of Moreno sociometry, Leary’s method, and Dembo-Rubinstein method were used to monitor the variables. The study identified that non-verbal creativity develops in individuals aged 16-17 years. The creative attitude to life develops in the ones aged 17-18. At the age of 18-19, creativity becomes the most integrated into the system of personal characteristics are motivational and personal components of creativity, which form positive connections with the fundamental adaptive personality characteristics, which indicates a greater adaptive resource of creatively oriented individuals. It was also found that boys, compared to girls, were more prone to leadership, more persistent, assertive (E), more emotionally stable (C), calm (O), and also more independent (Q2). Girls were more likely to feel guilty, anxious (O), more sociable, open (A), sensitive, and vulnerable (I). The study found that students with a high level of development of divergent thinking and its components (cognitive factors of creativity) carry out interpersonal communication (as a component of adaptation) most flexibly and effectively making students less prone to depersonalisation and reducing the risk of emotional exhaustion and maladaptation. Keywords: Creativity, adaptation resource, age, and gender features, environment.
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Abstract: Transformation of the Structure of Self-Attitude in Early, Middle and Later Adulthood (on the Example of the Ukrainian Sample)
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Abstract: The study intends to trace the dynamics of self-esteem and changes in the structure of self-attitude at different stages of adult life, as well as identify signs of experiencing age-related crises. Self-attitude is considered a multidimensional formation, with its individual components, have different subjective significance in different periods of life. A cross-section was carried out in 507 subjects aged 25-65 years was carried out. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Self-Attitude Study Methodology by Pantileev were used. Normative data for RSES obtained on a sample of adult Ukrainians (N=488) are presented for the first time. The average interval was 22.70±5.43 (with a measuring scale of 0 to 30 points), but the reference point for low self-esteem is different for men and women. Comparison of average results in groups belonging to periods of early, middle, and later adulthood showed that the attitude towards oneself with age becomes more emotionally expressive, concerning both positive and negative components. The indicators of self-blame and inner closedness grow along with the growth of the positive self-attitude (self-confidence, self-management, self-acceptance). The heterogeneous age dynamics of components of self-attitude, pronounced peaks, and dips in different periods are shown. Based on the clustering of empirical data, we described seven types of self-attitude in adulthood: illusory, confident, accepting, crisis, externally oriented, persistently negative, and inexpressive. Markers of experiencing crisis life periods are the ambivalence of self-attitude – the simultaneous manifestation of positive and negative components, which is regarded as a sign of instability. The obtained results demonstrate that there are potential opportunities for personal growth among cases of low self-esteem. Keywords: Self-attitude, self-esteem, instability of self-esteem, structure of self-attitude, protection of a positive self-concept, age crisis
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