Differential Typology of Burnout in the Ukrainian Sample  - Pages 759-769

Yurii B. Irkhin, Yuliia Chystovska, Iryna I. Pits, Hanna S. Ryk and Liliia A. Shyrokoradiuk

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2020.08.04.19

Published: 09 December 2020

Abstract: Aim of study is a qualitative classification of manifestations of professional burnout based on quantitative indicators of exhaustion, cynicism and inefficiency. The paper substantiates the need to differentiate the symptoms of burnout from similar manifestations of professional maladjustment and personality disorders. The study involved 355 specialists of socionomic professions from different regions of Ukraine with work experience from 1 to 39 years (50.15% of men, 49.85% of women). Based on the cluster analysis of the three basic symptoms of burnout (exhaustion, cynicism, and depersonalisation), the groups of engaged and burned-out employees were identified, as well as qualitative and quantitative differences were showed. A comparative analysis of the groups was carried out for a number of additional diagnostic parameters: emotional attitude to work, the ratio of losses and gains of personal resources, the scale of psychological well-being, loyalty to the organisation. Typological profiles of 8 professional groups were created: effective employees ("engaged", "growing" and "taking" type), ineffective employees ("dependent" and "disengaged-relaxed" type), and three groups representing successive stages of burnout (accumulation of job stress, burnout itself and severe degree, accompanied by psychological distress in all spheres of life). The results allow us to conclude that particular symptoms of depersonalisation and reduction in personal achievements are not a sufficient basis for diagnosing burnout syndrome. The symptom of depersonalisation may be a manifestation of other professional deformations, not caused by burnout. Without combination with other parameters, the professional inefficiency is not a symptom of burnout; this is a common sign of insufficient development of competencies or an erroneous choice of the type of activity. Appropriate ways of organisational and psychological support are proposed.

Keywords: Exhaustion, depersonalisation, professional effectiveness, psychological well-being, organisational loyalty, work-related emotions, cluster analysis, emotion.

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Pedagogical Foundations of the Technology of Vocational Guidance for Students  
- Pages 770-776

Beisenbayeva Zhaina, Sangilbayev Ospan, Mukazhanova Elmira, Kassymova Gulnar and Bersugirova Tolganay

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2020.08.04.20
Published: 09 December 2020

Abstract: Today, considering professional specialists' needs, the content and technology of training in career counseling from the perspective of practice are not sufficiently developed. Thus, a search for new forms, methods, and means of conducting career guidance with students is necessary.

This article offers a broad range of technologies and their optimal combination in career guidance work with pupils in the integrated system “School – University.”

A leading approach to the study of this problem is an integrative approach that leads to the necessity to use traditional and innovative technologies that contribute not only to effective assimilation of knowledge but also an early social adaptation of the prospective adolescents to university conditions.

The present study consists of a needs assessment of students' career guidance and career counseling programs in the university. The research is based on a survey developed on a sample of 120 students from the Almaty schools. The collected data has been both qualitative and quantitative. The students have been inquired about their professional path, about their career decisions, personal and professional values, abilities and competencies, intentions for the future, etc. The study's most relevant results show that: students are poorly informed about job opportunities, their expectations for the future are not connected with their own knowledge and abilities, they do not have a coherent career plan, and they encounter major barriers in the career decision process. The results are important for career counselors as they can be used to develop career guidance programs in the university environment.

Purpose of the research: to theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the pedagogical conditions of vocational guidance for senior schoolchildren in the context of specialized education.

The article is valuable for teachers and faculty of educational and vocational institutions to organize and conduct career guidance with students, applicants, and students.

Keywords: Pedagogical, foundations, technology, vocational, guidance, adolescents.