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Abstract: Jujube, Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.is one of the most important fruit crops of Sindh, Pakistan, and is consumed due to good flavour and high nutritional value. However, the occurrence of Jujube leaf roller Ancylis sativa (Liu) is a major threat to reduce the production of fruits, ultimately causing tremendous economic loss to the growers. The present study is the first comprehensive attempt on biology of Jujube leaf roller. There were five larval stages between egg and pupa. Adults were usually tan or brown, have mottled areas or dark bands. Average size of adult measured 9.53 mm long and 2.85 mm wide, wing span ranging from 16 to19 mm. Keywords: Ancylis sativa Liu, Jujube leaf roller, Biology.Download Full Article |
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Abstract: Camel farming is increasing in Bangladesh but the nutritious value of the produced milk has not been studied in this geological location. The milk was coagulated by citric acid and the coagulated solid i.e. the casein (7%) and pure serum (14%) were obtained. Fat content was determined by extracting casein and the aqueous serum, separately with n-hexane and found 2.59% and 5.79%, respectively. The fatty acids in the fat from casein and serum were made into their methyl ester by saponification followed by esterification and analyzed by GC-FID. Palmitoleic, oleic and linoleic acids were predominant fatty acids found in the analyzed samples while stearic, arachidic, behenic and myristic acids were present as minor acids. Water, ash, nitrogen and lactose contents in the milk were 84%, 0.88%, 1.62% and 9.32%, respectively. The presence of vitamin B1, B2 and B6 were estimated by UV-VIS spectrophotometer and found 388, 64 and 116 ppm, respectively. Keywords: Bangladesh, Camel milk, Casein, Fatty acids, Vitamins.Download Full Article |
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Abstract: Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem causing significant morbidity and mortality around the world specially Asia, Africa and Latin America. The present preliminary in-vitro study reports antileishmanial potential of Raphanus sativus L. var. caudatus. Various concentrations of ethanolic extract of plant were used. The tested extract showed noteworthy inhibition (concentration – dependant) of Leishmania promastigotes. The IC50of extract was found to be 39 μg/ml. The results of present study could be helpful in future for antileishmanial therapy. Keywords: Leishmaniasis, Raphanus sativus L. var. caudatus, ethanolic extract.Download Full Article |
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Abstract: The proposed study investigated the effect of organo-clay contents in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) gel/solution cast films. The organo-clay was loaded in the range of 1 to 5 % (wt. / wt.), based on polymer content, to prepare UHMWPE nanocomposite films. The UHMWPE nanocomposite films were drawn up to 15 times below their melting point. Un-drawn and drawn UHMWPE nanocomposite films were subjected to mechanical and optical characterizations. The enhanced modulus (> 170 % higher than un-drawn films for 5 % organo-clay loadings at draw ratio of 15) and higher force at break (about 150 % higher than un-drawn films) without the loss of inherent optical transparency, even at higher organo-clay loadings, are reported. The findings in this study will broaden the engineering applications of UHMWPE nanocomposite films. Keywords: UHMWPE, gel or solution casting, modulus, organo-clay, nanocomposite, mechanical properties.Download Full Article |
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Abstract: An experiment was conducted to compare the growth and conformation of male Teddy kids (3 months age), under two management systems during the year 2014. The kids were kept at the livestock experimental station, Department of Livestock Management, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam. A total of twelve (12) Teddy kids were randomly divided into two groups i.e. A and B having six kids each. The kids of group A were reared under semi intensive management system (concentrates and open grazing) whereas kids of group B were kept under intensive management system (concentrates and green fodder). The duration of the experiment was eight (8) weeks and the observations for growth and conformation traits (girth, height and length) were recorded on weekly basis. The result revealed that the average body weight of kids in group A (8.29 kg) had significantly higher (P<0.05) than B (7.75 kg). Moreover, the average body conformation in respect of girth, height and length of group A kids (48.17cm, 40.5 cm and 39 cm respectively), were significantly higher (P<0.05) than the kids in group B (47.5 cm, 39.33 cm and 37.67 cm respectively). While comparing the economic aspects of kids reared under two management systems, it was noted that more net profit (Rs. 337 /kid) was earned from the kids of group A as compared to the kids of group B (Rs. 245 /kid). In conclusion, the kids reared under semi intensive management system demonstrated better performance in terms of body weight and conformation traits which were more profitable. Keywords: Management, intensive system, semi-intensive system, male Teddy kids.Download Full Article |