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Abstract: Entrepreneurship has attracted enhanced attention in the twenty-first century. Entrepreneurial schemes vary the production and service sectors of a country's economy and lead it to increase its revenues and materialize speedy growth and development. However, the current Saudi regime has allowed enhanced social space to females, and a new social environment has paved the way for them to partake business opportunities actively. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the direct impact of perceived social support towards e-entrepreneurial intention as well as the direct influence of perceived social support on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) components encompass attitude towards entrepreneurial, subjective norms, and self-efficacy of entrepreneurship. Also, this study examines the direct effect of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) components (attitude towards entrepreneurial, subjective norms, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy). Data were collected through questionnaires which were completed by 534 undergraduate female Saudi students have been selected randomly studying at various Saudi universities. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test the model, and data analysis was carried out using Structural Equation Modelling – Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). This study, therefore revealed that perceived social support has a positive impact on the e-entrepreneurship intention as well as the relationship between perceived social support and the components of the TPB (attitude towards entrepreneurial intention, subjective norms, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy) were statistically significant. Subsequently, the direct effect of the TPB components (attitude towards entrepreneurial and entrepreneurial self-efficacy) was significant, while the direct effect related to subjective norms and the e-entrepreneurial intention was insignificant. Therefore, this study offers theoretical and practical contributions to entrepreneurial studies. Keywords: Perceived Social Support, Theory of Planned Behavior, Attitude Towards Entrepreneurial, Subjective Norms, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, E-Entrepreneurship Intention, Saudi Arabia. |
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Abstract: The study describes child prostitution as the worst violation of fundamental Human Rights – a pervasive trend that has been synonymous to modern form of slavery. There is evidence that children usually get initiated into prostitution either by being abducted or lured by promises of certain existential needs of life. Despite the degree at which prostitution renders children and youths vulnerable to physical health crises and psychological harm, they still resuccumb to prostitution after having been rescued by organizations of concern. It was discovered that most of the children that participated in the questionnaire-based survey had been rescued from prostitution more than once in their respective lifetimes. The study established that children’s resuccumbing to prostitution is precipitated by factors such as money, drugs and alcohol addiction, as well as a sense of independence. The study recommends further research inquiries to be undertaken to better understand the intricacies associated with sexual exploitation of children and provide more effective and culturally sensitive measures to prevent affected children from these unscrupulous practices. Strengthening the effectiveness of counselling techniques in rehabilitating sexually exploited children is another way forward. Keywords: Child prostitution, Child victims, Failed rescue mission, Resuccumbing factors, Safe shelters, Sexual exploitation. |
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Abstract: This paper examines the effect of family structure on delinquent acts. Specifically, whether living arrangement (with both parents, one parent, etc...) has any impact on the type of delinquent act (person or drug) committed. Data for over 2,700 juveniles who committed a substantiated delinquent act in Pennsylvania were examined for possible effects. Two family structure variables had a significant relationship with drug offenses (one in the negative direction), and one family structure variable was associated with person offenses. Only one non-family structure predictor variable (age) was associated with both offense types. Keywords: Juvenile delinquency, juvenile justice, family structure.Download Full Article |
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Abstract: Despite the crisis of values that is characteristic of many countries in the world, family remains the focus of the state policy for most of them. It is recognized as the basic social unit of society, whose level of development inevitably affects the progress of the entire society. In this sense, families are active agents for achieving sustainable development goals. Thus, the progress of families will inevitably affect the progress of their communities and societies. This research paper considers a wide range of issues relating to family policy in Central Asian countries, with particular emphasis on the national policy in the field of family relations in Kazakhstan and Russia. The authors consider the concept of family policy and its impact on the family institution, study the role and importance of such a policy in the modern context, as well as analyze the conditions for the formation of the family policy during the USSR period and after the independence of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. Keywords: Family policy, Family institution, Marriage, Civil society institutions. |
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Abstract: The relevance of the study is determined by the need to establish corporate responsibility for breach of legislation. In this regard, this paper is aimed at identifying features of competition and corporate responsibility for breach of competition law. Particular attention is drawn to the case when corporations become monopolists and, in fact, dictate market rules. Consideration of the development aspect of competition law suggests that it largely limits the growth of corporate business and forces corporations to formulate strategies for splitting the business, thereby determining the conduct of business. In the modern world, where business is in many respects globalised, such measures can lead to a decrease in market indicators and form a dependence on the operations of certain corporations in the local market. The leading method to the study of this issue is the modelling method, which allows to consider this problem as a targeted and organised procedure related to the improvement and application of competition law, as well as the protection and development of competition. The novelty of the study lies in the possibility of limiting the activities of a corporation in a market that is occupied by it and where there is no practical competition. The authors consider the mechanism of self-regulation as a source of domestic competition law. The paper determines that self-regulation processes are also subject to state supervision and thus corporate self-regulation becomes an aspect of the regulation of competition enforcement by the state at large. The practical significance of the study is determined by the structural feature of the corporation as a quasi-state mechanism and the regulation of external relations between the state and corporations as tax residents on this basis. Keywords: Corporation, monopoly, regulation, state, legislation. |