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Abstract: Seed priming has been found effective to affect seed dormancy and improve germination. During this experiment two wheat genotypes (TD-1 and Kiran-95) were evaluated against treatments based on 05 seed priming durations (P1=0 hr (control), P2=6 hrs, P3=9 hrs, P4=12 hrs and P5=18 hrs) in four replicated RCBD at Agronomy experimental fields, ARI Tandojam. The traits related to crop growth and yield regardless of genotypes were significantly affected by the seed priming durations; while treatment interaction was non-significant (P>0.05). TD-1 wheat genotype proved to be superior in grain yield and associated as well as in harvest index with maximum germination (69.05/m2), grain yield 4300.10 kg/ha and 50.99% harvest index as compared to genotype Kiran-95 with66.82/m2 germination, grain yield 3784.20 kg/ha and 41.16% harvest index. Seed priming impact showed that 12 hrs seed priming was more effective than other durations with 76.933/m2 seed germination, 4654.40 kg/ha grain yield and 50.37% harvest index; while 18 hrs seed priming resulted in 69.82 m-2 seed germination, 4278.40 kg/ha grain yield and 46.08% harvest index. The crop sown under 9 or 6 hrs seed priming produced lower values for all the traits; while the control remained the least. It was concluded that seed priming practice has proved to be highly beneficial for all the traits studied including grain yield, and the seed soaked for 12 hrs showed better results with higher grain yield of 4654 kg ha-1 and 50.37% harvest index as compared to rest of seed priming durations and control; while increasing seed priming duration up to 18 hrs affected the crop traits adversely. In varieties, the dwarf variety TD-1 showed r higher grain yield of 4300.10 kg ha-1 than Kiran-95 (3705.30 kg ha-1). Keywords: Wheat, genotypes, seed priming duration, growth, yield, harvest index. |
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Abstract: This study is the first report on the occurrence of Chaetodon gardineri in the coastal waters of Pakistan. The detail description of morphometric and meristiccharacters of C. gardineri was presented in this paper. Keywords: Chaetodon gardineri, morphometrics, Arabian Sea, Karachi. |
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Abstract: In this paper the backdating methods based on factors and principal components are applied for the first time to emulate the historical macroeconomic variables in China. The numerical results show that these procedures are useful to backdate some missing or not available historical data. ARIMA forecasting experiments based on backdated historical data are conducted and compared with forecasting procedures using directly factors and principal components. Our results suggest that some key variables like GDP can indeed be forecasted more precisely with the principal components backdated data. Keywords: Backdating, Factor model, Principal components, ARIMA forecasting, GDP of China. |
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Abstract: In this study we investigated the meteorological data comprising temperature, dew point, humidity and mean sea level for four major cities of Pakistan (Karachi, Multan, Lahore and Peshawar) on varying latitudes from 25°N to 34°N. These cities are selected to study the variation of coastal, southern, central and northern parts of Pakistan and different variations are observed in ranges i.e difference between lowest and highest values. A clear variation in ranges of meteorological parameters are investigated for these cities to validate this research. This variation in meteorological parameters is because of climate change due to flow of high moisture laden winds from Arabian sea towards Karachi coast in the south. The results obtained regarding dew point temperature, moisture content and atmospheric pressure in the southern city of Karachi represent low values instead of high. As a result, Karachi has different climatic patterns as a coastal city than other areas which are continental in climatic effects. Keywords: Meteorological, climate, moisture, dew point, continental. |
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| This manuscript RETRACTED by the authors |